arXiv:2602.12146cs.AIcs.CL2026-02

用强化学习让语言模型直接压缩数据成词元序列,提升压缩率。

Seq2Seq2Seq: Lossless Data Compression via Discrete Latent Transformers and Reinforcement Learning

  • 基于T5架构的强化学习模型,将数据压缩为离散词元序列。
  • 相比传统方法,压缩率显著提升,且不依赖外部知识。
  • 适合需要高效无损压缩的场景,如数据库存储和网络传输。

高效的无损压缩对于降低存储成本和传输开销至关重要,同时保证数据完整性。传统压缩技术如字典法和统计方法难以充分挖掘复杂数据格式中的结构与冗余。深度学习虽带来新机遇,但多数方法依赖密集向量表示,掩盖了原始词元结构。为此,我们提出一种新型无损压缩方法,采用强化学习优化T5语言模型架构,将数据压缩为词元序列而非传统向量表示。与自编码器通常将信息编码到连续潜在空间不同,该方法保留了词元结构,更贴近原始数据格式,从而实现更高压缩比并维持语义完整。通过离策略强化学习训练,模型优化序列长度以减少冗余,提升压缩效率。系统无需外部语法或世界知识即可自适应工作,相比传统方法显著提升压缩率。利用语言模型中的潜在信息,该方案在不需显式内容理解的情况下有效压缩数据,为各类应用提供更鲁棒、实用的压缩解决方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Efficient lossless compression is essential for minimizing storage costs and transmission overhead while preserving data integrity. Traditional compression techniques, such as dictionary-based and statistical methods, often struggle to optimally exploit the structure and redundancy in complex data formats. Recent advancements in deep learning have opened new avenues for compression; however, many existing approaches depend on dense vector representations that obscure the underlying token structure. To address these limitations, we propose a novel lossless compression method that leverages Reinforcement Learning applied to a T5 language model architecture. This approach enables the compression of data into sequences of tokens rather than traditional vector representations. Unlike auto-encoders, which typically encode information into continuous latent spaces, our method preserves the token-based structure, aligning more closely with the original data format. This preservation allows for higher compression ratios while maintaining semantic integrity. By training the model using an off-policy Reinforcement Learning algorithm, we optimize sequence length to minimize redundancy and enhance compression efficiency. Our method introduces an efficient and adaptive data compression system built upon advanced Reinforcement Learning techniques, functioning independently of external grammatical or world knowledge. This approach shows significant improvements in compression ratios compared to conventional methods. By leveraging the latent information within language models, our system effectively compresses data without requiring explicit content understanding, paving the way for more robust and practical compression solutions across various applications.

无损压缩强化学习语言模型数据压缩

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