arXiv:2602.12338cs.LG2026-02被引 2

提出强化学习框架,让多用户无线通信中自动选择最佳分词模型和资源分配。

Wireless TokenCom: RL-Based Tokenizer Agreement for Multi-User Wireless Token Communications

  • 用强化学习联合优化分词模型选择与信道分配。
  • 视频传输冻结事件减少68%,语义质量与资源效率双提升。
  • 适合研究智能无线通信、语义通信的工程师与学者。

无线分词通信(TokenCom)作为新兴范式,以分词为统一单位实现多模态通信与计算,支持未来无线网络中的高效语义导向通信。为建立共享语义潜空间,通信双方需就相同的分词器模型和代码本达成一致。为此,在每次通信中需进行初始分词器协商(TA)过程,由收发端协作从双方共有的预训练分词器/代码本集合中选择最优方案。本文研究多用户下行链路无线分词通信中的TA问题,基站配备多天线,向多个用户提供视频分词流。我们构建了混合整数非凸优化问题,并提出一种融合深度Q网络(DQN)与深度确定性策略梯度(DDPG)的混合强化学习框架:DQN负责联合分词器协商与子信道分配,DDPG负责波束成形。仿真结果表明,该框架在语义质量与资源效率上优于基线方法,相较传统H.265方案,视频传输冻结事件降低68%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Token Communications (TokenCom) has recently emerged as an effective new paradigm, where tokens are the unified units of multimodal communications and computations, enabling efficient digital semantic- and goal-oriented communications in future wireless networks. To establish a shared semantic latent space, the transmitters/receivers in TokenCom need to agree on an identical tokenizer model and codebook. To this end, an initial Tokenizer Agreement (TA) process is carried out in each communication episode, where the transmitter/receiver cooperate to choose from a set of pre-trained tokenizer models/ codebooks available to them both for efficient TokenCom. In this correspondence, we investigate TA in a multi-user downlink wireless TokenCom scenario, where the base station equipped with multiple antennas transmits video token streams to multiple users. We formulate the corresponding mixed-integer non-convex problem, and propose a hybrid reinforcement learning (RL) framework that integrates a deep Q-network (DQN) for joint tokenizer agreement and sub-channel assignment, with a deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) for beamforming. Simulation results show that the proposed framework outperforms baseline methods in terms of semantic quality and resource efficiency, while reducing the freezing events in video transmission by 68% compared to the conventional H.265-based scheme.

无线通信语义通信强化学习分词器

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