让滑翔无人机协作巡飞,续航翻倍且省电6%。
SKYSURF: A Self-learning Framework for Persistent Surveillance using Cooperative Aerial Gliders
- 用状态机建模无人机,分层决策实现自主飞行
- 六小时仅耗电6%,目标检测效率是传统方法两倍
- 适合长时空中监视任务,尤其在无电网区域
小型无人机的监控应用成败取决于其有限机载能源的持续时间。为应对这一挑战,本文提出一种基于局部-全局行为管理与决策的自主部署框架,用于具备滑翔能力的无人机群。合作无人机被建模为非确定性有限状态理性代理。除任务分配与动态路径规划模块外,引入可见性与预测机制以避免碰撞;同时采用延迟学习与调参策略优化路径跟踪控制器增益。与三种基准方法及15种进化算法的对比实验表明,该方法显著提升持续监视能力(长时间不降落),目标检测率比非协作和半协作方法高出两倍,且六小时内电池消耗仅约6%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The success of surveillance applications involving small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) depends on how long the limited on-board power would persist. To cope with this challenge, alternative renewable sources of lift are sought. One promising solution is to extract energy from rising masses of buoyant air. This paper proposes a local-global behavioral management and decision-making approach for the autonomous deployment of soaring-capable UAVs. The cooperative UAVs are modeled as non-deterministic finite state-based rational agents. In addition to a mission planning module for assigning tasks and issuing dynamic navigation waypoints for a new path planning scheme, in which the concepts of visibility and prediction are applied to avoid the collisions. Moreover, a delayed learning and tuning strategy is employed optimize the gains of the path tracking controller. Rigorous comparative analyses carried out with three benchmarking baselines and 15 evolutionary algorithms highlight the adequacy of the proposed approach for maintaining the surveillance persistency (staying aloft for longer periods without landing) and maximizing the detection of targets (two times better than non-cooperative and semi-cooperative approaches) with less power consumption (almost 6% of battery consumed in six hours).
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