用周期性噪声特性预处理,让小模型在低信噪比下胜过大模型。
A two-step approach for speech enhancement in low-SNR scenarios using cyclostationary beamforming and DNNs
- 先用周期性波束成形抑制谐波噪声,再用轻量DNN去噪
- 在真实机械噪声场景下,低SNR时性能显著优于端到端模型
- 强调信号先验比堆模型参数更有效,适合噪声有周期特征的场景
深度神经网络在低信噪比(SNR)环境下通常难以有效降噪。本文针对以谐波噪声为主导的场景,提出一种结合周期性感知预处理与轻量DNN去噪的两步框架。采用循环最小功率无失真响应(cMPDR)谱波束成形器作为预处理模块,利用周期性噪声的谱相关性,在学习型增强前抑制谐波成分,且无需修改DNN结构。该流程在单通道设置下,使用两种DNN架构进行评估:简单轻量的卷积循环神经网络(CRNN)和当前先进模型超低复杂度网络(ULCNet)。在合成数据和以旋转机械噪声为主的实录数据上,结果均一致优于端到端DNN基线,尤其在低SNR下表现突出。值得注意的是,采用cMPDR预处理的参数高效CRNN,其性能超越了在原始输入或维纳滤波输入上运行的更大规模ULCNet。这表明,显式引入周期性作为信号先验,比单纯增加模型容量更有效于抑制谐波干扰。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) often struggle to suppress noise at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). This paper addresses speech enhancement in scenarios dominated by harmonic noise and proposes a framework that integrates cyclostationarity-aware preprocessing with lightweight DNN-based denoising. A cyclic minimum power distortionless response (cMPDR) spectral beamformer is used as a preprocessing block. It exploits the spectral correlations of cyclostationary noise to suppress harmonic components prior to learning-based enhancement and does not require modifications to the DNN architecture. The proposed pipeline is evaluated in a single-channel setting using two DNN architectures: a simple and lightweight convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN), and a state-of-the-art model, namely ultra-low complexity network (ULCNet). Experiments on synthetic data and real-world recordings dominated by rotating machinery noise demonstrate consistent improvements over end-to-end DNN baselines, particularly at low SNRs. Remarkably, a parameter-efficient CRNN with cMPDR preprocessing surpasses the performance of the larger ULCNet operating on raw or Wiener-filtered inputs. These results indicate that explicitly incorporating cyclostationarity as a signal prior is more effective than increasing model capacity alone for suppressing harmonic interference.
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