让语言智能体像人一样记住经历并推理,提升记忆与判断能力。
REMem: Reasoning with Episodic Memory in Language Agent
- 构建混合记忆图,用时间线索连接事件概要与事实
- 在线推理时迭代检索,实现对记忆的复杂推理
- 在多个任务上超越现有系统,尤其擅长处理难问题
人类擅长在时空背景下记忆具体经历并进行跨事件推理,即情景记忆能力。相比之下,当前语言智能体的记忆仍以语义为主,无法有效回溯和推理交互历史。本文识别并形式化了情景回忆与推理的核心挑战,发现现有工作常忽略情景性、缺乏显式事件建模或过度强调简单检索而非复杂推理。提出REMem,一种两阶段框架:1)离线索引阶段,将经验转化为融合时间感知摘要与事实的混合记忆图;2)在线推理阶段,采用配备精心设计工具的代理检索器,在记忆图中进行迭代检索。在四个情景记忆基准上的全面评估显示,REMem显著优于当前最优系统如Mem0和HippoRAG 2,情景回忆任务提升3.4%,推理任务提升13.4%。此外,对无法回答的问题表现出更强的拒绝能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Humans excel at remembering concrete experiences along spatiotemporal contexts and performing reasoning across those events, i.e., the capacity for episodic memory. In contrast, memory in language agents remains mainly semantic, and current agents are not yet capable of effectively recollecting and reasoning over interaction histories. We identify and formalize the core challenges of episodic recollection and reasoning from this gap, and observe that existing work often overlooks episodicity, lacks explicit event modeling, or overemphasizes simple retrieval rather than complex reasoning. We present REMem, a two-phase framework for constructing and reasoning with episodic memory: 1) Offline indexing, where REMem converts experiences into a hybrid memory graph that flexibly links time-aware gists and facts. 2) Online inference, where REMem employs an agentic retriever with carefully curated tools for iterative retrieval over the memory graph. Comprehensive evaluation across four episodic memory benchmarks shows that REMem substantially outperforms state-of-the-art memory systems such as Mem0 and HippoRAG 2, showing 3.4% and 13.4% absolute improvements on episodic recollection and reasoning tasks, respectively. Moreover, REMem also demonstrates more robust refusal behavior for unanswerable questions.
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