让AI更像人反而降低风险感知，但懂行的人反而更不信任。
Anthropomorphism on Risk Perception: The Role of Trust and Domain Knowledge in Decision-Support AI
- 通过认知与情感信任间接影响风险判断
- 低金融知识者越觉得像人越低估风险，高知识者则相反
- 适合研究人机信任或设计可信AI的学者参考
拟人化设计常用于让对话式智能体更亲切易用，但其对用户风险感知的影响仍不明确。基于心理学理论，我们提出拟人化通过认知信任和情感信任两种方式影响风险感知，且领域知识会调节这一关系。我们在一个金融决策支持系统上开展大规模在线实验（N=1,256），测试不同拟人化设计的效果。结果发现：拟人化通过提升认知与情感信任，间接降低风险感知；但领域知识起调节作用——金融知识较低者，感知拟人化越高，通过认知信任路径反而使风险感知下降；而知识较高者，则表现出正向直接与间接效应。研究为人机交互理论提供新视角，并为负责任的拟人化决策支持系统设计提供实践指导。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Anthropomorphic design is routinely used to make conversational agents more approachable and engaging. Yet its influence on users' perceptions remains poorly understood. Drawing on psychological theories, we propose that anthropomorphism influences risk perception via two complementary forms of trust, and that domain knowledge moderates these relationships. To test our model, we conducted a large-scale online experiment (N = 1,256) on a financial decision-support system implementing different anthropomorphic designs. We found that anthropomorphism indirectly reduces risk perception by increasing both cognitive and affective trust. Domain knowledge moderates these paths: participants with low financial knowledge experience a negative indirect effect of perceived anthropomorphism on risk perception via cognitive trust, whereas those with high financial knowledge exhibit a positive direct and indirect effect. We discuss theoretical contributions to human-AI interaction and design implications for calibrating trust in anthropomorphic decision-support systems for responsible AI.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品；中文卡片由大模型生成，请以原文为准。