为稀疏连接的无人机群设计协同路径规划工具,提升探索效率与全局感知。
Path Planning Optimisation for SParse, AwaRe and Cooperative Networked Aerial Robot Teams (SpArC-NARTs): Optimisation Tool and Ground Sensing Coverage Use Cases
- 融合环境先验、能量与通信限制,动态优化多机协同路径。
- 通过动态奖励机制降低报告延迟,提升任务重规划能力。
- 适用于地面传感覆盖等需要高鲁棒性的复杂任务场景。
网络化空中机器人团队(NART)由通过无线链路连接的多个智能体(如无人机、地面控制站等)组成。即使连接稀疏(间歇性),仍可支持数据交换与协作行为,促进在线去中心化决策和群体韧性,尤其在先验知识不完整时。本文提出一种针对稀疏、感知与协作型网络化空中机器人团队(SpArC-NART)的探索任务路径规划工具。该工具同时考虑不同级别的环境先验信息、有限的能源、感知与通信能力,以及不同的团队构成。通信模型结合用户定义的无线电技术与物理现象限制。目标是在最大化任务目标(如发现一个或多个目标、完全覆盖环境区域等)的同时,通过协作减少智能体报告时间,提升其全局态势感知能力,并支持必要时的任务重规划。所提出的协作机制利用基于移动价值与预期通信可用性的软运动约束与动态奖励。以地面传感覆盖为例,展示了该工具的当前能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
A networked aerial robot team (NART) comprises a group of agents (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), ground control stations, etc.) interconnected by wireless links. Inter-agent connectivity, even if intermittent (i.e. sparse), enables data exchanges between agents and supports cooperative behaviours in several NART missions. It can benefit online decentralised decision-making and group resilience, particularly when prior knowledge is inaccurate or incomplete. These requirements can be accounted for in the offline mission planning stages to incentivise cooperative behaviours and improve mission efficiency during the NART deployment. This paper proposes a novel path planning tool for a Sparse, Aware, and Cooperative Networked Aerial Robot Team (SpArC-NART) in exploration missions. It simultaneously considers different levels of prior information regarding the environment, limited agent energy, sensing, and communication, as well as distinct NART constitutions. The communication model takes into account the limitations of user-defined radio technology and physical phenomena. The proposed tool aims to maximise the mission goals (e.g., finding one or multiple targets, covering the full area of the environment, etc.), while cooperating with other agents to reduce agent reporting times, increase their global situational awareness (e.g., their knowledge of the environment), and facilitate mission replanning, if required. The developed cooperation mechanism leverages soft-motion constraints and dynamic rewards based on the Value of Movement and the expected communication availability between the agents at each time step. A ground sensing coverage use case was chosen to illustrate the current capabilities of this tool.
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