用多种几何空间提升大模型微调效果,让模型更聪明地选择适合的表达方式。
Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of LLMs with Mixture of Space Experts
- 引入多空间混合机制,动态选择不同几何结构表达语言特征。
- 在MATH500和MAWPS上分别提升5.6%和15.9%,显著优于现有方法。
- 适用于需要高精度微调的场景,尤其适合复杂逻辑任务。
大型语言模型(LLMs)取得显著进展,参数高效微调(PEFT)成为下游任务适配的关键技术。然而,现有PEFT方法主要在欧几里得空间中操作,难以捕捉语言数据中的复杂几何结构。虽然双曲几何和球面流形等替代空间理论上更具优势,但强制将表示限制在单一流形中仍会限制表达能力,即使曲率参数可学习。为此,我们提出混合空间(MoS)框架,同时利用多种几何空间以学习更丰富的、具备曲率感知能力的表示。在此基础上,我们开发了MoSLoRA,通过异质几何专家扩展低秩适应(LoRA),使模型能根据输入上下文动态选择或组合合适的几何空间。此外,为缓解频繁流形切换带来的计算开销,我们设计了轻量级路由机制。我们还提供了关于曲率优化如何影响训练稳定性和模型性能的实证洞察。在多个基准测试上的实验表明,MoSLoRA持续优于强基线,在MATH500上提升达5.6%,在MAWPS上提升达15.9%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress, with Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) emerging as a key technique for downstream task adaptation. However, existing PEFT methods mainly operate in Euclidean space, fundamentally limiting their capacity to capture complex geometric structures inherent in language data. While alternative geometric spaces, like hyperbolic geometries for hierarchical data and spherical manifolds for circular patterns, offer theoretical advantages, forcing representations into a single manifold type ultimately limits expressiveness, even when curvature parameters are learnable. To address this, we propose Mixture of Space (MoS), a unified framework that leverages multiple geometric spaces simultaneously to learn richer, curvature-aware representations. Building on this scheme, we develop MoSLoRA, which extends Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) with heterogeneous geometric experts, enabling models to dynamically select or combine appropriate geometric spaces based on input context. Furthermore, to address the computational overhead of frequent manifold switching, we develop a lightweight routing mechanism. Moreover, we provide empirical insights into how curvature optimization impacts training stability and model performance. Our experiments across diverse benchmarks demonstrate that MoSLoRA consistently outperforms strong baselines, achieving up to 5.6% improvement on MATH500 and 15.9% on MAWPS.
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