黑客如何用AI搞犯罪？看他们怎么讨论、试错和开发非法工具。
What hackers talk about when they talk about AI: Early-stage diffusion of a cybercrime innovation
- 分析160+条暗网论坛对话，追踪黑客对AI的讨论与实践
- 发现黑客既想用合法AI工具作案，又在自研专用模型，但疑虑重重
- 适合安全研究人员、执法部门和政策制定者了解早期网络犯罪演化
人工智能（AI）的快速发展引发人们对网络犯罪转型的担忧。除了赋能新手攻击者，AI还可能提升资深黑客的攻击规模与复杂度。本文基于一个网络安全情报平台的独家数据集，分析了七个月内超过160条暗网论坛的对话内容，揭示黑客如何理解并讨论利用AI的能力。他们的交流反映出对合法工具与专用犯罪工具中AI应用的浓厚兴趣，同时也存在对其有效性、对现有商业模式及运营安全的影响的疑虑。研究记录了滥用合法AI工具的行为，以及为非法目的定制专属模型的尝试。结合创新扩散框架与主题分析，本文深入呈现了新型AI驱动的网络犯罪形态，并为执法机构与政策制定者提供实践洞察。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) is raising concerns about its potential to transform cybercrime. Beyond empowering novice offenders, AI stands to intensify the scale and sophistication of attacks by seasoned cybercriminals. This paper examines the evolving relationship between cybercriminals and AI using a unique dataset from a cyber threat intelligence platform. Analyzing more than 160 cybercrime forum conversations collected over seven months, our research reveals how cybercriminals understand AI and discuss how they can exploit its capabilities. Their exchanges reflect growing curiosity about AI's criminal applications through legal tools and dedicated criminal tools, but also doubts and anxieties about AI's effectiveness and its effects on their business models and operational security. The study documents attempts to misuse legitimate AI tools and develop bespoke models tailored for illicit purposes. Combining the diffusion of innovation framework with thematic analysis, the paper provides an in-depth view of emerging AI-enabled cybercrime and offers practical insights for law enforcement and policymakers.
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