arXiv:2602.15391cs.AI2026-02

动态调整安全阈值,让大模型更聪明地拒绝危险请求。

Improving LLM Reliability through Hybrid Abstention and Adaptive Detection

  • 根据上下文实时调节安全判断标准,避免死板过滤
  • 五路并行检测+分层筛选,延迟显著低于传统方案
  • 在医疗、创作等敏感领域误判率大幅降低

部署于生产环境的大语言模型面临安全与可用性的根本权衡:严格过滤会误拦正常请求,宽松控制又可能生成有害内容。传统基于静态规则或固定置信度阈值的防护机制通常对上下文不敏感且计算开销大,导致高延迟和用户体验下降。为此,我们提出一种自适应拒答系统,根据实时上下文信号(如领域、用户历史)动态调整安全阈值。框架采用五路并行检测器组成的多维检测架构,通过分层级联机制组合,实现速度与精度的优化。级联设计通过逐层过滤减少无效计算,在混合及领域特定负载上的评估中显著降低误报率,尤其在医疗建议和创意写作等敏感领域表现突出。系统在严格模式下仍保持高安全精度和近乎完美的召回率。整体上,该上下文感知拒答框架有效平衡了安全性与实用性,为可靠的大模型部署提供了可扩展解决方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Language Models (LLMs) deployed in production environments face a fundamental safety-utility trade-off either a strict filtering mechanisms prevent harmful outputs but often block benign queries or a relaxed controls risk unsafe content generation. Conventional guardrails based on static rules or fixed confidence thresholds are typically context-insensitive and computationally expensive, resulting in high latency and degraded user experience. To address these limitations, we introduce an adaptive abstention system that dynamically adjusts safety thresholds based on real-time contextual signals such as domain and user history. The proposed framework integrates a multi-dimensional detection architecture composed of five parallel detectors, combined through a hierarchical cascade mechanism to optimize both speed and precision. The cascade design reduces unnecessary computation by progressively filtering queries, achieving substantial latency improvements compared to non-cascaded models and external guardrail systems. Extensive evaluation on mixed and domain-specific workloads demonstrates significant reductions in false positives, particularly in sensitive domains such as medical advice and creative writing. The system maintains high safety precision and near-perfect recall under strict operating modes. Overall, our context-aware abstention framework effectively balances safety and utility while preserving performance, offering a scalable solution for reliable LLM deployment.

大模型安全自适应检测上下文感知延迟优化

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。