AI该当工具还是队友？研究揭示协作需动态交互与共心理解。
AI as Teammate or Tool? A Review of Human-AI Interaction in Decision Support
- 从交互设计、信任校准等四维度分析人机协作差异
- 现有系统因过度依赖可解释性而被动，决策效率受限
- 适合关注人机协同、医疗辅助系统的研究者阅读
人工智能的融合需要明确其是作为工具还是协作队友。本文通过整合人机智能交互（HAI）文献，从交互设计、信任校准、协作框架和医疗应用四个维度进行分析。研究发现，静态界面与不匹配的信任水平限制了AI效能。性能取决于透明度与认知工作流的一致性，但‘流畅陷阱’常导致信任虚高而决策未提升。当前系统因过度依赖可解释性导向设计仍处于被动状态。要使AI成为主动队友，需具备自适应、情境感知的交互能力，支持共享心智模型，并实现人机权威的动态协商。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) necessitates determining whether systems function as tools or collaborative teammates. In this study, by synthesizing Human-AI Interaction (HAI) literature, we analyze this distinction across four dimensions: interaction design, trust calibration, collaborative frameworks and healthcare applications. Our analysis reveals that static interfaces and miscalibrated trust limit AI efficacy. Performance hinges on aligning transparency with cognitive workflows, yet a fluency trap often inflates trust without improving decision-making. Consequently, an overemphasis on explainability leaves systems largely passive. Our findings show that current AI systems remain largely passive due to an overreliance on explainability-centric designs and that transitioning AI to an active teammate requires adaptive, context-aware interactions that support shared mental models and the dynamic negotiation of authority between humans and AI.
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