arXiv:2602.16042cs.LGcs.AI2026-02中稿 · the 2026 IEEE Conf…被引 2

提出碳排放评估工具,让模型性能与环保效果一并衡量

AI-CARE: Carbon-Aware Reporting Evaluation Metric for AI Models

  • 引入碳-性能权衡曲线,可视化模型环保与精度的平衡
  • 实验证明碳排放指标会改变模型排名顺序
  • 适合关注可持续性的算法研发与绿色部署团队

随着机器学习快速发展,模型训练与推理的环境成本已成为社会关注焦点。现有基准主要关注准确率、BLEU或mAP等性能指标,却普遍忽略能耗与碳排放。这种单一目标评价范式与大规模部署的实际需求日益脱节,尤其在移动设备、发展中国家及气候敏感型企业中尤为突出。本文提出AI-CARE,一个用于报告机器学习模型能耗与碳排放的评估工具,并引入碳-性能权衡曲线,以可解释的方式呈现性能与碳成本之间的帕累托前沿。通过理论分析与代表性机器学习任务的实证验证,我们发现碳感知基准会改变模型相对排名,激励同时具备高精度与环境友好性的架构设计。本方案旨在推动研究社区向透明、多目标评估转变,使机器学习进步与全球可持续发展目标对齐。工具与文档详见https://github.com/USD-AI-ResearchLab/ai-care。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

As machine learning (ML) continues its rapid expansion, the environmental cost of model training and inference has become a critical societal concern. Existing benchmarks overwhelmingly focus on standard performance metrics such as accuracy, BLEU, or mAP, while largely ignoring energy consumption and carbon emissions. This single-objective evaluation paradigm is increasingly misaligned with the practical requirements of large-scale deployment, particularly in energy-constrained environments such as mobile devices, developing regions, and climate-aware enterprises. In this paper, we propose AI-CARE, an evaluation tool for reporting energy consumption, and carbon emissions of ML models. In addition, we introduce the carbon-performance tradeoff curve, an interpretable tool that visualizes the Pareto frontier between performance and carbon cost. We demonstrate, through theoretical analysis and empirical validation on representative ML workloads, that carbon-aware benchmarking changes the relative ranking of models and encourages architectures that are simultaneously accurate and environmentally responsible. Our proposal aims to shift the research community toward transparent, multi-objective evaluation and align ML progress with global sustainability goals. The tool and documentation are available at https://github.com/USD-AI-ResearchLab/ai-care.

碳排放评估多目标优化可持续AI

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