用改进版世界模型让机器人学会空中展开各种布料,通用性强。
Learning to unfold cloth: Scaling up world models to deformable object manipulation
- 基于DreamerV2架构,加入表面法向量输入提升物理感知。
- 在仿真与真实机器人上实现零样本泛化,成功展开多种布料。
- 适合研究具身智能、机器人操作与可变形物体建模的学者。
学习操控布料是机器人研究中的典型问题,也对辅助护理、服务业等场景具有实际意义。由于可变形物体复杂的物理特性,布料操控极具挑战性。为应对不同形状、尺寸、褶皱和折叠模式,同时克服外观变化问题,本文提出一种基于DreamerV2强化学习架构的空中布料操控方法。通过引入表面法向量作为输入,并修改回放缓冲区与数据增强策略,显著提升了机器人世界模型对布料物理特性的建模能力。实验在仿真环境与真实机器人平台上进行,验证了所提方法的零样本泛化性能,成功实现了多种布料的空中展开,证明了该架构在复杂可变形物体操控中的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Learning to manipulate cloth is both a paradigmatic problem for robotic research and a problem of immediate relevance to a variety of applications ranging from assistive care to the service industry. The complex physics of the deformable object makes this problem of cloth manipulation nontrivial. In order to create a general manipulation strategy that addresses a variety of shapes, sizes, fold and wrinkle patterns, in addition to the usual problems of appearance variations, it becomes important to carefully consider model structure and their implications for generalisation performance. In this paper, we present an approach to in-air cloth manipulation that uses a variation of a recently proposed reinforcement learning architecture, DreamerV2. Our implementation modifies this architecture to utilise surface normals input, in addition to modiying the replay buffer and data augmentation procedures. Taken together these modifications represent an enhancement to the world model used by the robot, addressing the physical complexity of the object being manipulated by the robot. We present evaluations both in simulation and in a zero-shot deployment of the trained policies in a physical robot setup, performing in-air unfolding of a variety of different cloth types, demonstrating the generalisation benefits of our proposed architecture.
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