用隐式物理模拟提升3D高斯点云的动态稳定性
i-PhysGaussian: Implicit Physical Simulation for 3D Gaussian Splatting
- 将3D高斯点云与隐式材料点法结合，通过优化求解终态
- 支持20倍于显式方法的最大时间步长，保持结构完整
- 适合需要高精度物理演化的工业仿真场景
物理模拟基于材料属性和外力预测物体未来状态，为工业与工程的风险管理提供蓝图。现有基于3D重建的模拟器通常依赖显式、逐步更新，对时间步长敏感，在复杂场景（如高刚度材料或准静态运动）下精度快速下降。为此，我们提出i-PhysGaussian，将3D高斯点云（3DGS）与隐式材料点法（MPM）积分器结合。不同于显式方法，本方案通过隐式牛顿型优化与GMRES求解器最小化动量平衡残差，获得终态。该公式显著降低时间步长敏感性并保证物理一致性。结果表明，i-PhysGaussian在复杂动态过渡中仍能保持稳定，最大时间步长可达显式基线的20倍，结构连贯性与运动平滑性均得到保留。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Physical simulation predicts future states of objects based on material properties and external loads, enabling blueprints for both Industry and Engineering to conduct risk management. Current 3D reconstruction-based simulators typically rely on explicit, step-wise updates, which are sensitive to step time and suffer from rapid accuracy degradation under complicated scenarios, such as high-stiffness materials or quasi-static movement. To address this, we introduce i-PhysGaussian, a framework that couples 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) with an implicit Material Point Method (MPM) integrator. Unlike explicit methods, our solution obtains an end-of-step state by minimizing a momentum-balance residual through implicit Newton-type optimization with a GMRES solver. This formulation significantly reduces time-step sensitivity and ensures physical consistency. Our results demonstrate that i-PhysGaussian maintains stability at up to 20x larger time steps than explicit baselines, preserving structural coherence and smooth motion even in complex dynamic transitions.
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