将假肢膝关节电机置于大腿上方，可提升行走速度与步频，且不损害运动表现。
Proximal powered knee placement: a case study
- 将动力系统移至大腿上方，优化重量分布以减少能耗
- 一名参与者步行速度提升9.2%，步频增加3.6%
- 适合关注假肢轻量化与功能优化的研究者和临床工程师
下肢截肢影响全球数百万人，导致行动能力下降、步行速度减慢及日常活动参与受限。主动式假肢膝关节可通过提供膝关节扭矩辅助，改善步态对称性、起坐转换及步行速度。然而，动力组件的额外质量可能抵消其益处，影响步态力学并增加代谢成本。因此，优化质量分布比单纯减轻总重更有效。本探索性研究评估了在小样本中将膝关节动力装置置于大腿上方的可行性。相比传统下方安装，上方配置使一名参与者步行速度提升9.2%，步频增加3.6%，步态对称性表现混合；运动学指标显示两种配置的膝关节活动范围和最大速度相近。爬坡与上楼梯测试进一步验证了控制策略在多种运动任务中的鲁棒性。初步结果表明，大腿上方安装具备功能性可行性，合理质量分布可在保留动力辅助优势的同时缓解重量带来的负面影响。后续研究需确认这些趋势，并指导设计与临床建议。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Lower limb amputation affects millions worldwide, leading to impaired mobility, reduced walking speed, and limited participation in daily and social activities. Powered prosthetic knees can partially restore mobility by actively assisting knee joint torque, improving gait symmetry, sit-to-stand transitions, and walking speed. However, added mass from powered components may diminish these benefits, negatively affecting gait mechanics and increasing metabolic cost. Consequently, optimizing mass distribution, rather than simply minimizing total mass, may provide a more effective and practical solution. In this exploratory study, we evaluated the feasibility of above-knee powertrain placement for a powered prosthetic knee in a small cohort. Compared to below-knee placement, the above-knee configuration demonstrated improved walking speed (+9.2% for one participant) and cadence (+3.6%), with mixed effects on gait symmetry. Kinematic measures indicated similar knee range of motion and peak velocity across configurations. Additional testing on ramps and stairs confirmed the robustness of the control strategy across multiple locomotion tasks. These preliminary findings suggest that above-knee placement is functionally feasible and that careful mass distribution can preserve the benefits of powered assistance while mitigating adverse effects of added weight. Further studies are needed to confirm these trends and guide design and clinical recommendations.
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