arXiv:2602.17512eess.SYcs.RO2026-02

提出仿人转向策略,实现实时避障,解决自动驾驶急停难题。

Dodging the Moose: Experimental Insights in Real-Life Automated Collision Avoidance

  • 引入最大转向动作设计前馈规划器,模仿人类反应
  • 实车实验在多种速度下验证,响应时间低于100毫秒
  • 适合高风险场景下的自动驾驶系统开发者

突然出现的静态障碍物(如“驼鹿测试”)是自动驾驶碰撞避让中的典型紧急场景。尽管模型预测控制(MPC)在先进驾驶系统中被广泛用于路径规划与控制,但其在紧急避障场景中因计算需求过高,难以实现实时性。本文通过实车实验,研究了在突发静态障碍物后采用MPC进行运动规划的实时实现。针对现有非线性MPC在实时求解中表现有限的问题,提出一种类人前馈规划器,在MPC无法求解或初始猜测质量差时提供辅助。该方法基于最大转向动作概念,模拟人类驾驶员对障碍物的快速反应。实验使用FPEV2-Kanon电动车辆,在不同速度和紧急程度下开展,结果表明所提策略相比现有MPC规划器具备更高效率与鲁棒性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The sudden appearance of a static obstacle on the road, i.e. the moose test, is a well-known emergency scenario in collision avoidance for automated driving. Model Predictive Control (MPC) has long been employed for planning and control of automated vehicles in the state of the art. However, real-time implementation of automated collision avoidance in emergency scenarios such as the moose test remains unaddressed due to the high computational demand of MPC for evasive action in such hazardous scenarios. This paper offers new insights into real-time collision avoidance via the experimental imple- mentation of MPC for motion planning after a sudden and unexpected appearance of a static obstacle. As the state-of-the-art nonlinear MPC shows limited capability to provide an acceptable solution in real-time, we propose a human-like feed-forward planner to assist when the MPC optimization problem is either infeasible or unable to find a suitable solution due to the poor quality of its initial guess. We introduce the concept of maximum steering maneuver to design the feed-forward planner and mimic a human-like reaction after detecting the static obstacle on the road. Real-life experiments are conducted across various speeds and level of emergency using FPEV2-Kanon electric vehicle. Moreover, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our planning strategy via comparison with the state-of- the-art MPC motion planner.

自动驾驶避障MPC实时控制

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