用新型算法提升混合系统规划效率,适合嵌入式设备运行。
Hybrid System Planning using a Mixed-Integer ADMM Heuristic and Hybrid Zonotopes
- 结合混合区域数与ADMM启发式算法,优化混合系统规划
- 相比现有方法收敛更快,内存占用更低且松弛更紧
- 适用于自动驾驶的联合行为与运动规划场景
针对嵌入式环境中混合系统优化规划面临的计算复杂和数值敏感问题,本文提出一种新框架。该框架将先进的集合表示方法——混合区域数(hybrid zonotopes)与新型交替方向乘子法(ADMM)混合整数规划启发式相结合。基于混合区域数,提出了一般化的分段仿射(PWA)系统可达性分析方法,并扩展用于构建最优规划问题。所生成的集合在内存复杂度上低于传统技术,且具有更紧的凸松弛。提出的ADMM启发式充分利用了混合区域数的结构特性,在混合区域数形式的规划问题中,相较于现有最先进混合整数规划启发式,实现了更快的收敛速度。所提方法已在自动驾驶的联合行为与运动规划场景中通过实验验证。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Embedded optimization-based planning for hybrid systems is challenging due to the use of mixed-integer programming, which is computationally intensive and often sensitive to the specific numerical formulation. To address that challenge, this article proposes a framework for motion planning of hybrid systems that pairs hybrid zonotopes - an advanced set representation - with a new alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) mixed-integer programming heuristic. A general treatment of piecewise affine (PWA) system reachability analysis using hybrid zonotopes is presented and extended to formulate optimal planning problems. Sets produced using the proposed identities have lower memory complexity and tighter convex relaxations than equivalent sets produced from preexisting techniques. The proposed ADMM heuristic makes efficient use of the hybrid zonotope structure. For planning problems formulated as hybrid zonotopes, the proposed heuristic achieves improved convergence rates as compared to state-of-the-art mixed-integer programming heuristics. The proposed methods for hybrid system planning on embedded hardware are experimentally applied in a combined behavior and motion planning scenario for autonomous driving.
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