轻量化气动肩部外骨骼通过优化结构,实现更强支撑与更快响应。
Design and Characterization of a Dual-DOF Soft Shoulder Exosuit with Volume-Optimized Pneumatic Actuator
- 采用纺锤形气动肌腱设计,体积减少35.7%且扭矩保留94.2%
- 外骨骼实测可使肩部肌肉活动降低63.7%,最大减幅达59%
- 适合康复训练与人机协同场景,为多自由度外骨骼提供设计参考
便携式双自由度(DOF)软肩部外骨骼的气动系统仍处于探索阶段,存在输出扭矩与动态响应之间的根本权衡,且复杂肩部运动需多个执行器支持。本文提出一种体积优化的纺锤形斜向气动执行器(SSAA):相比均匀圆柱设计,体积减少35.7%(357mL vs. 555mL),保持94.2%输出扭矩,动态响应提升35.2%。基于此,开发了基于SSAA结构的曲面外展执行器(CAA)和基于囊袋电机原理的水平内收执行器(HAA),集成于总重390g的纺织肩部外骨骼中。该外骨骼可提供多种模式助力,涵盖肩部外展、屈曲及水平内收。10名健康受试者实验显示,外骨骼显著降低肌电图(EMG)活动;仅使用HAA时,外展任务中七块肌肉平均肌电下降59%;屈曲任务中,单执行器(仅HAA)与双执行器(HAA+CAA)配置均使肌电下降最高达63.7%。然而,在健康人群中添加CAA对屈曲助力的增量收益有限,仅胸大肌有统计学意义改善。实验结果揭示了各执行器在健康人群中的贡献,为多自由度外骨骼设计提供指导。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Portable pneumatic systems for 2 degree-of-freedom (DOF) soft shoulder exosuits remain underexplored, and face fundamental trade-offs between torque output and dynamic response that are further compounded by the need for multiple actuators to support complex shoulder movement. This work addresses these constraints through a volume-optimized spindle-shaped angled actuator (SSAA) geometry: by reducing actuator volume by 35.7% (357mL vs. 555mL), the SSAA maintains 94.2% of output torque while achieving 35.2% faster dynamic response compared to uniform cylindrical designs. Building on the SSAA, we develop a curved abduction actuator (CAA) based on the SSAA geometry and a horizontal adduction actuator (HAA) based on the pouch motor principle, integrating both into a dual-DOF textile-based shoulder exosuit (390 g). The exosuit delivers multi-modal assistance spanning shoulder abduction, flexion, and horizontal adduction, depending on the actuation. User studies with 10 healthy participants reveal that the exosuit substantially reduces electromyographic (EMG) activity across both shoulder abduction and flexion tasks. For abduction with HAA only, the exosuit achieved up to 59% muscle activity reduction across seven muscles. For flexion, both the single-actuator configuration (HAA only) and the dual-actuator configuration (HAA,+,CAA) reduced EMG activity by up to 63.7% compared to no assistance. However, the incremental benefit of adding the CAA to existing HAA support was limited in healthy users during flexion, with statistically significant additional reductions observed only in pectoralis major. These experimental findings characterize actuator contributions in healthy users and provide design guidance for multi-DOF exosuit systems.
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