统一处理知识图谱中的高阶关系与超关系边,提升链接预测效果。
HEHRGNN: A Unified Embedding Model for Knowledge Graphs with Hyperedges and Hyper-Relational Edges
- 提出统一的超边与超关系边表示格式,兼容复杂三元组结构。
- 在多个真实数据集上实现更优的链接预测准确率,尤其在高阶关系场景下。
- 适合需要建模复杂多主体关系的AI应用,如智能问答与推理系统。
知识图谱(KG)作为人工智能系统进行分析的可机器读取知识组织形式已广受关注。图神经网络(GNN)被证明是有效的KG嵌入技术,支持链接预测、节点分类和图分类等下游任务。现有研究主要聚焦于具有二元关系的简单图,但真实世界知识库中存在大量无法用二元边表示的复杂和高阶事实。具体而言,真实知识库常同时包含两类高阶事实:(i)需用超边表示,(ii)需用超关系边表示。尽管已有研究分别处理这两类事实,但尚未有统一模型。本文提出HEHRGNN——一种统一处理超边与超关系边的嵌入模型。其核心包括:(i)HEHR统一事实表示格式,(ii)基于GNN的编码器,采用新型消息传递机制,能有效捕捉同时包含超边与超关系边的复杂图结构。在链接预测任务上的实验表明,该模型在具备不同高阶事实类型的真实数据集上均表现优异,具备归纳预测能力,且在超边与超关系数据集上显著优于基线模型。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Knowledge Graph(KG) has gained traction as a machine-readable organization of real-world knowledge for analytics using artificial intelligence systems. Graph Neural Network(GNN), is proven to be an effective KG embedding technique that enables various downstream tasks like link prediction, node classification, and graph classification. The focus of research in both KG embedding and GNNs has been mostly oriented towards simple graphs with binary relations. However, real-world knowledge bases have a significant share of complex and n-ary facts that cannot be represented by binary edges. More specifically, real-world knowledge bases are often a mix of two types of n-ary facts - (i) that require hyperedges and (ii) that require hyper-relational edges. Though there are research efforts catering to these n-ary fact types, they are pursued independently for each type. We propose $H$yper$E$dge $H$yper-$R$elational edge $GNN$(HEHRGNN), a unified embedding model for n-ary relational KGs with both hyperedges and hyper-relational edges. The two main components of the model are i)HEHR unified fact representation format, and ii)HEHRGNN encoder, a GNN-based encoder with a novel message propagation model capable of capturing complex graph structures comprising both hyperedges and hyper-relational edges. The experimental results of HEHRGNN on link prediction tasks show its effectiveness as a unified embedding model, with inductive prediction capability, for link prediction across real-world datasets having different types of n-ary facts. The model also shows improved link prediction performance over baseline models for hyperedge and hyper-relational datasets.
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