arXiv:2602.19502cs.AIcs.LG2026-02被引 2

人类引导的智能体AI提升多模态医疗预测,关键环节人工干预效果显著。

Human-Guided Agentic AI for Multimodal Clinical Prediction: Lessons from the AgentDS Healthcare Benchmark

  • 人类在关键节点指导智能体进行多模态特征工程与模型选择。
  • 读卡率预测达0.8986(宏F1),急诊费用预测误差465.13美元。
  • 适合注重可解释性与临床有效性的医疗AI团队参考。

自主式智能体AI在数据科学任务中能力日益增强,但临床预测需领域专业知识,纯自动化方法难以满足。本文研究人类引导下智能体在多模态临床预测中的表现,完成AgentDS医疗基准的三项挑战:30天再入院预测(宏F1=0.8986)、急诊科费用预测(MAE=$465.13)、出院准备度评估(宏F1=0.7939)。人类分析师在关键决策点介入,主导从临床文本、扫描账单PDF和时序生命体征中提取特征、选择适配模型、制定临床合理验证策略。本方法在医疗领域总排名第五,出院准备度任务位列第三。消融实验表明,人类决策累计带来+0.065 F1提升,其中多模态特征提取贡献最大(+0.041 F1)。总结出三条普适经验:(1)各阶段领域驱动的特征工程带来累积增益,优于广泛自动搜索;(2)多模态数据融合需任务特定的人类判断,单一提取策略无法通用;(3)基于临床意义的集成多样性优于随机超参搜索。研究为医疗场景中部署可解释、可复现、临床有效的智能体AI提供实践指引。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Agentic AI systems are increasingly capable of autonomous data science workflows, yet clinical prediction tasks demand domain expertise that purely automated approaches struggle to provide. We investigate how human guidance of agentic AI can improve multimodal clinical prediction, presenting our approach to all three AgentDS Healthcare benchmark challenges: 30-day hospital readmission prediction (Macro-F1 = 0.8986), emergency department cost forecasting (MAE = $465.13), and discharge readiness assessment (Macro-F1 = 0.7939). Across these tasks, human analysts directed the agentic workflow at key decision points, multimodal feature engineering from clinical notes, scanned PDF billing receipts, and time-series vital signs; task-appropriate model selection; and clinically informed validation strategies. Our approach ranked 5th overall in the healthcare domain, with a 3rd-place finish on the discharge readiness task. Ablation studies reveal that human-guided decisions compounded to a cumulative gain of +0.065 F1 over automated baselines, with multimodal feature extraction contributing the largest single improvement (+0.041 F1). We distill three generalizable lessons: (1) domain-informed feature engineering at each pipeline stage yields compounding gains that outperform extensive automated search; (2) multimodal data integration requires task-specific human judgment that no single extraction strategy generalizes across clinical text, PDFs, and time-series; and (3) deliberate ensemble diversity with clinically motivated model configurations outperforms random hyperparameter search. These findings offer practical guidance for teams deploying agentic AI in healthcare settings where interpretability, reproducibility, and clinical validity are essential.

医疗AI智能体多模态人机协同

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