用扩散模型联合预测停车时的意图与周围车辆反应,提升自动泊车决策能力。
ParkDiffusion++: Ego Intention Conditioned Joint Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction for Automated Parking using Diffusion Models
- 基于历史轨迹和地图线段,离散化预测多种可能的泊车意图。
- 对每种意图分别生成周围车辆的协同轨迹,结果更符合社交合理性。
- 引入反事实知识蒸馏,让模型学会预测不同意图下的他人反应。
自动泊车是高级驾驶辅助系统中的复杂任务,需具备鲁棒的场景理解与交互推理能力。核心挑战在于:(i) 根据上下文预测多个合理的驾驶员意图;(ii) 对每个意图,预测周围车辆的联合响应,以支持有效的“假设-检验”式决策。现有方法常将这两个问题孤立处理。本文提出 ParkDiffusion++,通过联合学习多模态驾驶员意图预测器与条件化多智能体联合轨迹预测器,实现统一建模。首先,设计驾驶员意图分词器,从历史轨迹与矢量化地图线段中预测一组离散终点意图。其次,实现驾驶员意图条件化的联合轨迹预测,确保每种意图下周围车辆的行为具社会一致性。第三,采用轻量级安全引导去噪器,在训练中施加不同约束以优化联合场景精度与安全性。第四,提出反事实知识蒸馏机制:使用由冻结的安全引导去噪器优化的EMA教师模型生成伪目标,捕捉其他意图下周围车辆的反应。大量实验表明,ParkDiffusion++在 Dragon Lake Parking (DLP) 和 Intersections Drone (inD) 数据集上均达到当前最优性能。定性可视化显示,其他车辆对不同驾驶员意图做出了合理反应。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Automated parking is a challenging operational domain for advanced driver assistance systems, requiring robust scene understanding and interaction reasoning. The key challenge is twofold: (i) predict multiple plausible ego intentions according to context and (ii) for each intention, predict the joint responses of surrounding agents, enabling effective what-if decision-making. However, existing methods often fall short, typically treating these interdependent problems in isolation. We propose ParkDiffusion++, which jointly learns a multi-modal ego intention predictor and an ego-conditioned multi-agent joint trajectory predictor for automated parking. Our approach makes several key contributions. First, we introduce an ego intention tokenizer that predicts a small set of discrete endpoint intentions from agent histories and vectorized map polylines. Second, we perform ego-intention-conditioned joint prediction, yielding socially consistent predictions of the surrounding agents for each possible ego intention. Third, we employ a lightweight safety-guided denoiser with different constraints to refine joint scenes during training, thus improving accuracy and safety. Fourth, we propose counterfactual knowledge distillation, where an EMA teacher refined by a frozen safety-guided denoiser provides pseudo-targets that capture how agents react to alternative ego intentions. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that ParkDiffusion++ achieves state-of-the-art performance on the Dragon Lake Parking (DLP) dataset and the Intersections Drone (inD) dataset. Importantly, qualitative what-if visualizations show that other agents react appropriately to different ego intentions.
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