提出统一接触建模框架,解决软体机器人接触交互中的数值难题。
Unified Complementarity-Based Contact Modeling and Planning for Soft Robots
- 基于互补问题统一建模软体机器人的接触、操作与规划
- 三阶段调理流程提升求解稳定性,避免病态矩阵问题
- 适合从事软体机器人接触控制与轨迹优化的研究者
软体机器人旨在实现与环境的安全、自适应交互,而这种交互本质上依赖于接触。然而,对软体机器人进行丰富的接触建模与规划仍具挑战:身体上密集的接触候选点导致冗余约束和秩亏线性互补问题(LCP),且高刚度与低摩擦之间的差异引发严重病态性。现有方法依赖特定问题的近似或罚函数处理。本文提出一种统一的互补基础框架,将接触建模、操作与规划整合为一个物理一致的统一形式。我们开发了针对离散化软体机器人的鲁棒线性互补问题(LCP)模型,并通过三阶段调理管道解决上述问题:惯性秩选择以消除冗余接触,Ruiz平衡化校正尺度差异与病态性,以及在法向块上施加轻量级Tikhonov正则化。基于同一公式,我们引入一种运动学引导的热启动策略,通过数学规划中的互补约束(MPCC)实现含接触的动态轨迹优化,并在高接触密度的球体操控任务中验证其有效性。最终,CUSP为软体机器人中的接触建模、仿真与规划提供了一个新基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Soft robots were introduced in large part to enable safe, adaptive interaction with the environment, and this interaction relies fundamentally on contact. However, modeling and planning contact-rich interactions for soft robots remain challenging: dense contact candidates along the body create redundant constraints and rank-deficient LCPs, while the disparity between high stiffness and low friction introduces severe ill-conditioning. Existing approaches rely on problem-specific approximations or penalty-based treatments. This letter presents a unified complementarity-based framework for soft-robot contact modeling and planning that brings contact modeling, manipulation, and planning into a unified, physically consistent formulation. We develop a robust Linear Complementarity Problem (LCP) model tailored to discretized soft robots and address these challenges with a three-stage conditioning pipeline: inertial rank selection to remove redundant contacts, Ruiz equilibration to correct scale disparity and ill-conditioning, and lightweight Tikhonov regularization on normal blocks. Building on the same formulation, we introduce a kinematically guided warm-start strategy that enables dynamic trajectory optimization through contact using Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints (MPCC) and demonstrate its effectiveness on contact-rich ball manipulation tasks. In conclusion, CUSP provides a new foundation for unifying contact modeling, simulation, and planning in soft robotics.
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