arXiv:2602.22088cs.RO2026-02中稿 · RSS 2026被引 12

提出一种视觉-力反馈协同的混合控制策略,提升复杂接触操作的稳定性与泛化能力。

Force Policy: Learning Hybrid Force-Position Control Policy under Interaction Frame for Contact-Rich Manipulation

  • 分层设计:全局视觉策略指导动作,局部力控策略实时估计交互帧并执行混合控制
  • 实测在多种接触任务中显著提升接触建立成功率与力控精度,支持新物体泛化
  • 适用于需要精细力控制的机器人抓取、装配等实际场景

接触丰富的操作需要类人的感知与力反馈融合:视觉应引导任务进展,高频交互控制则需在不确定性下稳定接触。现有基于学习的策略常将两者耦合于单一网络,牺牲全局泛化性以换取局部稳定性;而控制主导的方法通常假设已知任务结构,或仅学习控制器参数而非结构本身。本文提出一个物理基础的交互帧(interaction frame)概念,即瞬时局部坐标系,可解耦力调节与运动执行,并提出从示范中恢复该帧的方法。基于此,我们构建了Force Policy:一个全局-局部视觉-力联合策略,其中全局策略使用视觉指导自由空间动作,接触发生后,高频局部策略通过力反馈估计交互帧,并执行混合力-位置控制以实现稳定交互。真实世界实验在多种接触丰富任务中表现优异,相比强基线模型,在接触建立鲁棒性、力控精度和对新物体几何与物理属性的泛化能力上均有显著提升,最终同时改善接触稳定性和执行质量。项目页面:https://force-policy.github.io/

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Contact-rich manipulation demands human-like integration of perception and force feedback: vision should guide task progress, while high-frequency interaction control must stabilize contact under uncertainty. Existing learning-based policies often entangle these roles in a monolithic network, trading off global generalization against stable local refinement, while control-centric approaches typically assume a known task structure or learn only controller parameters rather than the structure itself. In this paper, we formalize a physically grounded interaction frame, an instantaneous local basis that decouples force regulation from motion execution, and propose a method to recover it from demonstrations. Based on this, we address both issues by proposing Force Policy, a global-local vision-force policy in which a global policy guides free-space actions using vision, and upon contact, a high-frequency local policy with force feedback estimates the interaction frame and executes hybrid force-position control for stable interaction. Real-world experiments across diverse contact-rich tasks show consistent gains over strong baselines, with more robust contact establishment, more accurate force regulation, and reliable generalization to novel objects with varied geometries and physical properties, ultimately improving both contact stability and execution quality. Project page: https://force-policy.github.io/

力控机器人操作多模态控制

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