arXiv:2602.22671cs.ROcs.ET2026-02

对比真实道路、测试场与模拟器中的晕车情况,发现模拟器低估了晕车程度。

Does the testing environment matter? Carsickness across on-road, test-track, and driving simulator conditions

  • 用运动模拟器重现真实道路晕车场景,对比三类环境下的晕车反应。
  • 模拟器中晕车评分显著低于真实道路和测试场,因无法复现低频振动(<0.5Hz)。
  • 研究提示模拟器研究需谨慎外推,适合关注晕车机制但非量化评估的学者。

随着自动驾驶车辆的发展,晕车问题受到广泛关注。现有研究多在真实道路、测试场和驾驶模拟器环境中开展,但缺乏统一标准,导致结果难以比较。以往研究仅验证两组环境间的测量有效性(如真实道路与模拟器),尚未涵盖多环境对比。本研究将此前在测试场复现的真实道路晕车暴露,在基于运动的驾驶模拟器中重新实现。28名参与者在闭眼非驾驶任务中报告晕车程度,使用错乱量表(Misery Scale)实时评分,并在实验后填写晕动病评估问卷。同时评估已知影响晕车的心理因素。结果对比了三类环境下加速度数据、客观指标与主观晕车评分,揭示模拟器在再现晕车方面存在明显局限:由于工作空间有限,无法有效复现诱发晕车的低频运动(<0.5 Hz),导致模拟器中的晕车评分显著低于真实道路与测试场条件。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Carsickness has gained significant attention with the rise of automated vehicles, prompting extensive research across on-road, test-track, and driving simulator environments to understand its occurrence and develop mitigation strategies. However, the lack of carsickness standardization complicates comparisons across studies and environments. Previous works demonstrate measurement validity between two setups at most (e.g., on-road vs. driving simulator), leaving gaps in multi-environment comparisons. This study investigates the recreation of an on-road motion sickness exposure - previously replicated on a test track - using a motion-based driving simulator. Twenty-eight participants performed an eyes-off-road non-driving task while reporting motion sickness using the Misery Scale during the experiment and the Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire afterward. Psychological factors known to influence motion sickness were also assessed. The results present subjective and objective measurements for motion sickness across the considered environments. In this paper, acceleration measurements, objective metrics and subjective motion sickness ratings across environments are compared, highlighting key differences in sickness occurrence for simulator-based research validity. Significantly lower motion sickness scores are reported in the simulator compared to on-road and test-track conditions, due to its limited working envelope to reproduce low-frequency (<0.5 Hz) motions, which are the most provocative for motion sickness.

晕车驾驶模拟器自动化车辆运动感知

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