提出一种可连续定向的麦克风波束成形新方法，提升远场语音采集效果。
A Directional-Derivative-Constrained Method for Continuously Steerable Differential Beamformers with Uniform Circular Arrays
- 通过约束方向导数设计波束成形器，实现任意方向精准聚焦。
- 仿真显示该方法能生成连续可调的波束指向，响应峰值位于目标方向。
- 适合需要灵活声源定位的智能设备、会议系统等场景使用。
差分麦克风阵列因其高空间指向性和紧凑结构，为远场语音采集提供了有前景的解决方案。核心挑战在于设计可连续转向且能增强任意方向来波信号的差分波束成形器。本文研究了圆形阵列的差分波束成形器设计，提出一种引入方向导数约束的新框架。通过将期望指向方向的一阶导数设为零，并合理设定高阶导数值，确保波束成形器在目标方向获得最大响应并具备充分的波束转向能力。该方法不仅提升了转向灵活性，还实现了更直观、鲁棒的波束图设计。仿真结果表明，所提方法可生成连续可调的波束图。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Differential microphone arrays offer a promising solution for far-field acoustic signal acquisition due to their high spatial directivity and compact array structure. A key challenge lies in designing differential beamformers that are continuously steerable and capable of enhancing target signals arriving from arbitrary directions. This paper studies the design of differential beamformers for circular arrays and proposes a novel framework that incorporates directional derivative constraints. By constraining the first-order derivatives of the beampattern at the desired steering direction to zero and assigning suitable values to higher-order derivatives, the beamformer is ensured to achieve its maximum response in the target direction and provide sufficient beam steering. This approach not only improves steering flexibility but also enables a more intuitive and robust beampattern design. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method produces continuously steerable beampatterns.
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