将制导指令转化为可执行的飞行控制量,实现固定翼无人机精准加速跟踪。
Acceleration-Based Control of Fixed-Wing UAVs for Guidance Applications
- 通过姿态与推力协同控制,将加速度指令转换为机体速率和归一化推力命令。
- 实飞验证显示加速度跟踪误差小于10%,支持比例导航等高级制导应用。
- 无需精确发动机建模,适配主流飞控系统,适合工程化部署的无人机平台。
基于加速度指令的制导律(如比例导航)适用于高层决策,但直接应用于固定翼无人机存在挑战,因加速度不直接可调,需通过姿态和推力在飞行包线约束下实现。本文提出一种加速度层外环控制框架,将期望的切向与法向加速度转化为兼容主流飞控系统(如PX4/APM)的体轴速率与归一化推力指令。针对法向通道,在小角度假设下推导出从期望法向加速度到滚转与俯仰速率命令的工程映射,以调节升力矢量的方向与大小;针对切向通道,引入基于总能量的公式,并通过飞行数据直接识别出推力-能量-加速度的非线性关系,避免了显式推进系统建模或推力台架标定。进一步讨论了饱和与非平飞机动下法向与切向加速度的优先级处理策略。在垂直起降固定翼平台上开展大量真实飞行实验,验证了加速度跟踪精度,实现了仅使用体轴速率和归一化推力接口的比例导航实用化。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Acceleration-commanded guidance laws (e.g., proportional navigation) are attractive for high-level decision making, but their direct deployment on fixed-wing UAVs is challenging because accelerations are not directly actuated and must be realized through attitude and thrust under flight-envelope constraints. This paper presents an acceleration-level outer-loop control framework that converts commanded tangential and normal accelerations into executable body-rate and normalized thrust commands compatible with mainstream autopilots (e.g., PX4/APM). For the normal channel, we derive an engineering mapping from the desired normal acceleration to roll- and pitch-rate commands that regulate the direction and magnitude of the lift vector under small-angle assumptions. For the tangential channel, we introduce an energy-based formulation inspired by total energy control and identify an empirical thrust-energy acceleration relationship directly from flight data, avoiding explicit propulsion modeling or thrust bench calibration. We further discuss priority handling between normal and tangential accelerations under saturation and non-level maneuvers. Extensive real-flight experiments on a VTOL fixed-wing platform demonstrate accurate acceleration tracking and enable practical implementation of proportional navigation using only body-rate and normalized thrust interfaces.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。