提出五维框架，用于挑战和评估人工智能的道德决策能力。
Contesting Artificial Moral Agents
- 构建五维评判体系：伦理、认知、可解释性、实证与评估。
- 覆盖个体到全球层级的道德影响范围。
- 提供时间线指引，助力开发者自我审查以对齐价值。
关于人工智能伦理的讨论已深入发展，催生了具备内在道德推理能力的系统，即人工道德主体（Artificial Moral Agents, AMAs）。然而，亟需一个专门框架来审视这些系统的道德正当性。本文提出基于五个维度（伦理、认知、可解释性、实证、评估）的5E框架，并涵盖个体、局部、社会及全球层面的道德影响。该框架还提供了初步的时间线，帮助AMA技术开发者预判潜在争议，或主动自省，以推动真正符合价值导向的道德型AI发展。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
There has been much discourse on the ethics of AI, to the extent that there are now systems that possess inherent moral reasoning. Such machines are now formally known as Artificial Moral Agents or AMAs. However, there is a requirement for a dedicated framework that can contest the morality of these systems. This paper proposes a 5E framework for contesting AMAs based on five grounds: ethical, epistemological, explainable, empirical, and evaluative. It further includes the spheres of ethical influences at individual, local, societal, and global levels. Lastly, the framework contributes a provisional timeline that indicates where developers of AMA technologies may anticipate contestation, or may self-contest in order to adhere to value-aligned development of truly moral AI systems.
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