提出新框架提升医疗时间序列分类的稳定性与泛化能力。
A Representation-Consistent Gated Recurrent Framework for Robust Medical Time-Series Classification
- 引入隐状态一致性约束,防止模型在噪声数据中产生表示漂移。
- 在多个医学时序数据集上显著降低分类方差,提升低样本场景表现。
- 可无缝集成到LSTM、GRU等现有结构,无需修改核心门控机制。
医疗时间序列数据具有采样不规则、噪声高、缺失值多及强特征依赖等特点。虽然门控循环网络(如LSTM、GRU)能有效建模时序依赖,但其隐状态演化缺乏显式约束,导致在噪声或不完整输入下出现表示漂移和不稳定。本文提出一种表示一致的门控循环框架(RC-GRF),通过理论支持的正则化策略强制隐状态随时间保持一致性。该框架与模型无关,可无损嵌入现有门控结构。理论分析表明,一致性约束能有效控制隐状态发散。在多个医学时间序列分类基准上的实验显示,该方法显著提升了鲁棒性、降低了方差,并增强了泛化性能,尤其在噪声大、样本少的情况下优势明显。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Medical time-series data are characterized by irregular sampling, high noise levels, missing values, and strong inter-feature dependencies. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), particularly gated architectures such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), are widely used for modeling such data due to their ability to capture temporal dependencies. However, standard gated recurrent models do not explicitly constrain the evolution of latent representations over time, leading to representation drift and instability under noisy or incomplete inputs. In this work, we propose a representation-consistent gated recurrent framework (RC-GRF) that introduces a principled regularization strategy to enforce temporal consistency in hidden-state representations. The proposed framework is model-agnostic and can be integrated into existing gated recurrent architectures without modifying their internal gating mechanisms. We provide a theoretical analysis demonstrating how the consistency constraint bounds hidden-state divergence and improves stability. Extensive experiments on medical time-series classification benchmarks show that the proposed approach improves robustness, reduces variance, and enhances generalization performance, particularly in noisy and low-sample settings.
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