arXiv:2603.01400cs.CV2026-03被引 4

通过优化局部与全局上下文,高效减少视频大模型的冗余标记。

Token Reduction via Local and Global Contexts Optimization for Efficient Video Large Language Models

  • 基于注意力引导构建帧内与帧间标记锚点,实现信息聚合。
  • 在不训练的情况下,显著降低计算量并保持时空一致性。
  • 适合追求视频大模型效率提升的研究者与开发者。

视频大语言模型(VLLMs)虽具备强大的视频理解能力,但因视觉标记冗余导致效率低下。现有剪枝方法多聚焦帧内空间冗余或浅层结构剪枝,难以实现最优时空压缩,且常忽略合并或剪枝后标记中的细微但关键信息。本文提出一种新视角:通过局部-全局最优传输(AOT),在帧内与帧间建立标记锚点,全面聚合有效上下文。首先,在注意力引导下于每帧内构建局部与全局感知的标记锚点,并通过最优传输从被剪枝标记中聚合信息,形成帧内锚点;随后,以每段时间片段的第一帧为关键帧锚点,利用最优传输整合连续帧间的相似信息,同时保留差异标记以表示时序动态,实现无需训练的高效标记压缩。大量实验表明,AOT在多个短/长视频基准上均取得竞争力性能,大幅降低计算开销,同时保持良好的时空与视觉保真度。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Video Large Language Models (VLLMs) demonstrate strong video understanding but suffer from inefficiency due to redundant visual tokens. Existing pruning primary targets intra-frame spatial redundancy or prunes inside the LLM with shallow-layer overhead, yielding suboptimal spatiotemporal reduction and underutilizing long-context compressibility. All of them often discard subtle yet informative context from merged or pruned tokens. In this paper, we propose a new perspective that elaborates token \textbf{A}nchors within intra-frame and inter-frame to comprehensively aggregate the informative contexts via local-global \textbf{O}ptimal \textbf{T}ransport (\textbf{AOT}). Specifically, we first establish local- and global-aware token anchors within each frame under the attention guidance, which then optimal transport aggregates the informative contexts from pruned tokens, constructing intra-frame token anchors. Then, building on the temporal frame clips, the first frame within each clip will be considered as the keyframe anchors to ensemble similar information from consecutive frames through optimal transport, while keeping distinct tokens to represent temporal dynamics, leading to efficient token reduction in a training-free manner. Extensive evaluations show that our proposed AOT obtains competitive performances across various short- and long-video benchmarks on leading video LLMs, obtaining substantial computational efficiency while preserving temporal and visual fidelity. Project webpage: https://tyroneli.github.io/AOT.

视频生成大模型优化标记压缩最优传输

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