arXiv:2603.01449eess.IVcs.CV2026-03

MRI修复中全局信息混合效果因任务而异,需结合成像物理特性设计模型。

Revisiting Global Token Mixing in Task-Dependent MRI Restoration: Insights from Minimal Gated CNN Baselines

  • 用最小门控CNN对比全局混合模型,控制变量验证效果
  • 加速重建和超分辨率任务中局部模型已足够,全局混合提升有限
  • 复杂噪声场景下全局混合更优,适合估计空间变化的可靠性

全局令牌混合(通过自注意力或状态空间序列模型实现)已成为磁共振成像(MRI)修复中的流行设计选择。然而,不同MRI修复任务在图像域与k空间域的退化模式差异显著,且物理驱动的数据一致性项已施加不同程度的全局耦合。本文针对三个典型场景:带有显式数据一致性的加速MRI重建、基于k空间中心裁剪的MRI超分辨率,以及具有空间异方差噪声的临床颈动脉MRI去噪,探究全局令牌混合是否真正有益。为减少干扰因素,构建可控测试平台,比较一个最小局部门控CNN与其大视野变体,并在统一训练与评估协议下与先进全局模型直接对比。结果显示,在加速重建任务中,最小未展开门控CNN基线已与近期令牌混合方法相当,表明前向模型与数据一致性步骤已提供强全局约束,额外混合收益有限;在超分辨率任务中,低频k空间数据受控保留,局部门控模型仍具竞争力,轻量级大视野变体仅带来微小改进;而在具有明显空间异方差噪声的去噪任务中,令牌混合模型表现最佳,符合估计空间变化可靠性需求。结论表明,全局令牌混合在MRI修复中的有效性具有任务依赖性,应根据底层成像物理与退化结构进行定制。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Global token mixing, implemented via self-attention or state-space sequence models, has become a popular model design choice for MRI restoration. However, MRI restoration tasks differ substantially in how their degradations vary over image and k-space domains, and in the degree to which global coupling is already imposed by physics-driven data consistency terms. In this work, we ask the question whether global token mixing is actually beneficial in each individual task across three representative settings: accelerated MRI reconstruction with explicit data consistency, MRI super-resolution with k-space center cropping, and denoising of clinical carotid MRI data with spatially heteroscedastic noise. To reduce confounding factors, we establish a controlled testbed comparing a minimal local gated CNN and its large-field variant, benchmarking them directly against state-of-the-art global models under aligned training and evaluation protocols. For accelerated MRI reconstruction, the minimal unrolled gated-CNN baseline is already highly competitive compared to recent token-mixing approaches in public reconstruction benchmarks, suggesting limited additional benefits when the forward model and data-consistency steps provide strong global constraints. For super-resolution, where low-frequency k-space data are largely preserved by the controlled low-pass degradation, local gated models remain competitive, and a lightweight large-field variant yields only modest improvements. In contrast, for denoising with pronounced spatially heteroscedastic noise, token-mixing models achieve the strongest overall performance, consistent with the need to estimate spatially varying reliability. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the utility of global token mixing in MRI restoration is task-dependent, and it should be tailored to the underlying imaging physics and degradation structure.

MRI修复门控CNN全局混合任务依赖

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