用物理嵌入生成模型,让光谱合成自动满足物理规律。
PhysFormer: A Physics-Embedded Generative Model for Physically Self-Consistent Spectral Synthesis
- 在低维可解释潜空间中直接从数据学物理量,无需已知场参数。
- 嵌入辐射通量生成机制,确保生成光谱的物理自洽性。
- 适合高维、不可观测场景下的稳定光谱重建与逆问题求解。
在科学与工程领域,基于偏微分方程(PDE)建模高维复杂系统仍面临物理一致性与数值稳定性挑战。现有方法如物理信息神经网络(PINNs)通常依赖已知物理场或系数,并通过外部损失函数施加物理约束,易导致训练不稳定,难以处理高维或不可观测情形。为此,我们提出PhysFormer,一种在数据与物理层面均自洽的生成建模框架。PhysFormer利用低维、可物理解释的潜空间,直接从数据中学习关键物理量,无需已知高维物理场参数,并将辐射通量生成的物理过程嵌入网络,确保生成光谱的物理一致性。在高维退化反演任务中,PhysFormer在不同信噪比(SNRs)下均能约束生成于物理极限内,提升光谱保真度与反演稳定性。该方法将物理过程从外部损失函数转移到生成机制本身,为涉及未知或不可观测物理量的复杂系统提供了一种物理自洽的生成建模范式。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In scientific and engineering domains, modeling high-dimensional complex systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) remains challenging in terms of physical consistency and numerical stability. However, existing approaches, such as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), typically rely on known physical fields or coefficients and enforce physical constraints via external loss functions, which can lead to training instability and make it difficult to handle high-dimensional or unobservable scenarios. To this end, we propose PhysFormer, a generative modeling framework that is self-consistent at both the data and physical levels. PhysFormer leverages a low-dimensional, physically interpretable latent space to learn key physical quantities directly from data without requiring known high-dimensional physical field parameters, and embeds the physical process of radiative flux generation within the network to ensure the physical consistency of the generated spectra. In high-dimensional, degenerate inversion tasks, PhysFormer constrains generation within physical limits and enhances spectral fidelity and inversion stability under varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). More broadly, this approach shifts the physical processes from external loss functions into the generative mechanism itself, providing a physically consistent generative modeling paradigm for complex systems involving unknown or unobservable physical quantities.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。