用星型图建模超声探头历史轨迹,提升导航精度与稳定性。
UltraStar: Semantic-Aware Star Graph Modeling for Echocardiography Navigation
- 将历史扫描数据建模为星型图,以关键帧为锚点定位当前视角。
- 在超过131万样本的数据集上,导航准确率显著优于基线方法。
- 适合需要高精度超声导航的临床场景与自动化设备研发者。
超声心动图对心血管疾病诊断至关重要,但熟练操作人员短缺导致患者无法及时获得诊疗,主因是操作难度高。因此,自动化探头导航研究具有重要临床价值。为实现鲁棒导航,需利用历史扫描信息,如同专家依赖过往反馈调整后续动作。实际采集的扫描数据通常包含大量噪声轨迹,源于试错式探索。现有方法多将历史信息建模为顺序链,易过度拟合这些噪声路径,导致长序列性能下降。本文提出UltraStar,将探头导航从路径回归重构为基于锚点的全局定位。通过构建星型图,将历史关键帧作为空间锚点直接连接当前视图,显式建模几何约束以实现精准定位。进一步设计语义感知采样策略,从海量历史日志中主动选择代表性地标,降低冗余,提升锚定准确性。在包含超过131万样本的数据集上,实验表明UltraStar优于基线方法,且在输入长度增长时表现更优,揭示了在噪声探索下更有效的历史建模拓扑。代码已开源:https://github.com/LeapLabTHU/UltraStar。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Echocardiography is critical for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, yet the shortage of skilled sonographers hinders timely patient care, due to high operational difficulties. Consequently, research on automated probe navigation has significant clinical potential. To achieve robust navigation, it is essential to leverage historical scanning information, mimicking how experts rely on past feedback to adjust subsequent maneuvers. Practical scanning data collected from sonographers typically consists of noisy trajectories inherently generated through trial-and-error exploration. However, existing methods typically model this history as a sequential chain, forcing models to overfit these noisy paths, leading to performance degradation on long sequences. In this paper, we propose UltraStar, which reformulates probe navigation from path regression to anchor-based global localization. By establishing a Star Graph, UltraStar treats historical keyframes as spatial anchors connected directly to the current view, explicitly modeling geometric constraints for precise positioning. We further enhance the Star Graph with a semantic-aware sampling strategy that actively selects the representative landmarks from massive history logs, reducing redundancy for accurate anchoring. Extensive experiments on a dataset with over 1.31 million samples demonstrate that UltraStar outperforms baselines and scales better with longer input lengths, revealing a more effective topology for history modeling under noisy exploration. Code is available at https://github.com/LeapLabTHU/UltraStar.
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