改进微波成像聚焦算子，提升近场成像精度与清晰度
Near-Field Focusing Operators for Planar Multi-Static Microwave Imaging Using Back-Projection in the Spatial Domain
- 基于平面波展开推导空间域逆投影聚焦算子
- 近场条件下显著降低成像伪影，重建质量更优
- 适合小距离微波成像，尤其对近场场景有效
针对准平面多站散射场景中的观测数据，基于平面波展开推导了空间域逆投影成像的改进形式。通过解析求解不同聚焦算子的积分表达式，获得主要影响近场成像的幅值校正因子。当散射体距孔径平面较近时，该方法效果尤为显著。实验验证表明，相比仅补偿信号相位延迟的传统逆投影方法，新算法在仿真与实测数据上均表现更优。由于所推导的聚焦算子等效于对空间图像进行低通滤波，改进后的多站逆投影算法能有效抑制成像伪影。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Based on a plane-wave expansion of the observation data in quasi-planar multi-static scattering scenarios, an improved formalism for image creation utilizing back-projection in the spatial domain is derived. The underlying integral expressions for different focusing operators are derived analytically leading to magnitude correction factors, which are mostly relevant for reconstructing microwave images when the distance from the scattering object to the aperture plane is small. It is shown that the derived imaging procedure is superior to the traditional back-projection only compensating the phase delay of the measurement signals and validate our findings based on simulated as well as measured data. Since the derived focusing operators correspond to a low-pass filtering of the spatial images, the resulting modified multi-static back-projection algorithms effectively suppress imaging artifacts as well.
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