arXiv:2603.02458cs.RO2026-03中稿 · ICRA

用机器学习模拟治疗师动作,让外骨骼自动辅助中风患者康复。

Learning Therapist Policy from Therapist-Exoskeleton-Patient Interaction

  • 用变分自编码器和高斯混合模型建模患者与治疗师的互动关系。
  • 通过8名患者数据训练的LSTM模型,能实时预测治疗师施加的关节力矩。
  • 可减轻治疗师负担,支持持续监控,适合康复机器人研发者使用。

中风后康复常需治疗师协助患者恢复正常步态,但传统疗法对治疗师体力要求高,易导致治疗强度、时长和连续性下降。本文提出患者-治疗师力场(PTFF),将患者与治疗师步态运动编码为低维潜在空间,并通过高斯混合模型(GMM)学习其交互的随机向量场,可视化治疗动态以优化治疗策略与机器人控制。同时构建合成治疗师(ST)模型,采用长短期记忆网络(LSTM)基于患者运动状态预测治疗师施加的关节力矩。模型在8名中风患者数据上通过留一法交叉验证,集成至基于ROS的外骨骼控制器,实现基于预测的实时力矩辅助。离线测试与初步实验表明,该方法具备作为中风外骨骼康复替代方案的潜力。PTFF帮助理解治疗师行为,而ST使治疗师脱离外骨骼,可全程观察患者细微变化。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Post-stroke rehabilitation is often necessary for patients to regain proper walking gait. However, the typical therapy process can be exhausting and physically demanding for therapists, potentially reducing therapy intensity, duration, and consistency over time. We propose a Patient-Therapist Force Field (PTFF) to visualize therapist responses to patient kinematics and a Synthetic Therapist (ST) machine learning model to support the therapist in dyadic robot-mediated physical interaction therapy. The first encodes patient and therapist stride kinematics into a shared low-dimensional latent manifold using a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and models their interaction through a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), which learns a probabilistic vector field mapping patient latent states to therapist responses. This representation visualizes patient-therapist interaction dynamics to inform therapy strategies and robot controller design. The latter is implemented as a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network trained on patient-therapist interaction data to predict therapist-applied joint torques from patient kinematics. Trained and validated using leave-one-out cross-validation across eight post-stroke patients, the model was integrated into a ROS-based exoskeleton controller to generate real-time torque assistance based on predicted therapist responses. Offline results and preliminary testing indicate the potential of their use as an alternative approach to post-stroke exoskeleton therapy. The PTFF provides understanding of the therapist's actions while the ST frees the human therapist from the exoskeleton, allowing them to continuously monitor the patient's nuanced condition.

康复机器人力场建模LSTM中风康复

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