arXiv:2603.02555cs.IR2026-03中稿 · publication at ICD…

用大模型同时优化搜索词重写的相关性和转化率,提升电商搜索效果。

Relevance Matters: A Multi-Task and Multi-Stage Large Language Model Approach for E-commerce Query Rewriting

  • 分阶段多任务训练,联合优化重写生成与相关性判断。
  • 在线测试显示用户购买率(UCVR)显著提升,相关性更强。
  • 已在京东大规模应用,适合做电商搜索优化的研究与工程人员。

电商搜索体验由用户行为反馈衡量,如点击率、转化率及搜索词与商品的相关性。因此,相关性与用户转化是查询重写的两大核心目标,用于弥合用户表达与商品描述之间的词汇鸿沟。本文提出一种基于大语言模型的多任务、多阶段查询重写框架。不同于以往侧重重写生成的工作,我们引入相关性任务。具体地,利用京东平台用户数据和商品信息预训练模型,首先进行包含重写生成与查询-重写相关性标注的多任务监督微调(SFT);随后采用组相对策略优化(GRPO)对齐模型目标,以增强相关性并促进用户转化。离线评估与线上A/B测试表明,该框架显著提升了电商查询重写的有效性,提高了搜索结果相关性并提升了人均购买率(UCVR)。自2025年8月起,该方法已在京东上线应用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

For e-commerce search, user experience is measured by users' behavioral responses to returned products, like click-through rate and conversion rate, as well as the relevance between returned products and search queries. Consequently, relevance and user conversion constitute the two primary objectives in query rewriting, a strategy to bridge the lexical gap between user expressions and product descriptions. This research proposes a multi-task and multi-stage query rewriting framework grounded in large language models (LLMs). Critically, in contrast to previous works that primarily emphasized rewritten query generation, we inject the relevance task into query rewriting. Specifically, leveraging a pretrained model on user data and product information from JD.com, the approach initiates with multi-task supervised fine-tuning (SFT) comprising of the rewritten query generation task and the relevance tagging task between queries and rewrites. Subsequently, we employ Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) for the model's objective alignment oriented toward enhancing the relevance and stimulating user conversions. Through offline evaluation and online A/B test, our framework illustrates substantial improvements in the effectiveness of e-commerce query rewriting, resulting in elevating the search results' relevance and boosting the number of purchases made per user (UCVR). Since August 2025, our approach has been implemented on JD.com, one of China's leading online shopping platforms.

查询重写电商搜索大模型多任务学习

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