arXiv:2603.02628cs.LG2026-03被引 1

用已有单目标模型快速生成多目标最优权衡解集,节省99.999%训练成本。

Post Hoc Extraction of Pareto Fronts for Continuous Control

  • 复用预训练专家策略和经验回放,离线构建多目标权衡解集
  • 在5个MuJoCo环境上以0.001%样本量达到基准性能
  • 适合已有单目标模型想扩展多目标能力的研究者

现实世界中的智能体常需权衡多个目标,如连续控制中的速度、稳定性和能效。理想情况下,智能体应学习一个表示多种最优权衡的帕累托前沿。近期多策略多目标强化学习(MORL)可直接学习帕累托前沿,但要求从训练初期就考虑多目标。现实中,多目标偏好往往在单目标策略训练完成后才出现。现有MORL方法无法利用这些已训练好的“专家”策略,且重训会带来高昂样本开销。本文提出混合优势帕累托提取(MAPEX),一种离线多目标强化学习方法,通过复用预训练专家策略、评价网络和经验回放缓冲区构建帕累托前沿。MAPEX将专家评价整合为混合优势信号,并结合行为克隆损失训练新策略以平衡多目标。该方法保留了单目标离线强化学习的简洁性,避免改造复杂MORL框架。我们形式化描述了MAPEX流程,并在五个多目标MuJoCo环境中进行评估。给定相同初始策略,MAPEX在仅0.001%样本成本下生成与主流基线相当的帕累托前沿。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Agents in the real world must often balance multiple objectives, such as speed, stability, and energy efficiency in continuous control. To account for changing conditions and preferences, an agent must ideally learn a Pareto frontier of policies representing multiple optimal trade-offs. Recent advances in multi-policy multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) enable learning a Pareto front directly, but require full multi-objective consideration from the start of training. In practice, multi-objective preferences often arise after a policy has already been trained on a single specialised objective. Existing MORL methods cannot leverage these pre-trained `specialists' to learn Pareto fronts and avoid incurring the sample costs of retraining. We introduce Mixed Advantage Pareto Extraction (MAPEX), an offline MORL method that constructs a frontier of policies by reusing pre-trained specialist policies, critics, and replay buffers. MAPEX combines evaluations from specialist critics into a mixed advantage signal, and weights a behaviour cloning loss with it to train new policies that balance multiple objectives. MAPEX's post hoc Pareto front extraction preserves the simplicity of single-objective off-policy RL, and avoids retrofitting these algorithms into complex MORL frameworks. We formally describe the MAPEX procedure and evaluate MAPEX on five multi-objective MuJoCo environments. Given the same starting policies, MAPEX produces comparable fronts at $0.001\%$ the sample cost of established baselines.

多目标强化学习帕累托前沿离线学习策略复用

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