让建筑像机器人一样动态适应人与环境需求
Architectural HRI: Towards a Robotic Paradigm Shift in Human-Building Interaction
- 将建筑各层视为可动机器人，协同响应使用者与可持续目标
- 提出多层同步物理重构的新范式，突破传统被动建筑局限
- 适合跨学科研究者，推动人-建筑交互的智能演进
传感、通信、交互、控制和机器人技术的进步，正使人类-建筑交互（HBI）从自适应服务与立面扩展至建筑空间的物理驱动。同时，机器人家具、群体机器人及形态可变空间的研究表明，建筑元素如今可通过机器人化实现移动、重组与空间自适应。我们提出，这些进展预示着HBI的范式转变：多个建筑层级可同步物理调整，更全面地满足使用者需求与可持续目标。反过来说，这一新兴范式也为将人机交互（HRI）知识迁移到非传统机器人形态提供了理想场景，例如将机器人视为多重建筑层级甚至整栋建筑本身。然而，该研究议程仍受制于建筑交互在时间、空间与社会维度上的复杂性，以及跨HCI、环境心理学、认知科学与建筑学的知识割裂。因此，亟需跨学科研究，整合机器人化建筑形式中‘为何’、‘如何’与‘做什么’的统一框架。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advances in sensing, communication, interfaces, control, and robotics are expanding Human-Building Interaction (HBI) beyond adaptive building services and facades toward the physical actuation of architectural space. In parallel, research in robotic furniture, swarm robotics, and shape-changing spaces shows that architectural elements can now be robotically augmented to move, reconfigure, and adapt space. We propose that these advances promise a paradigm shift in HBI, in which multiple building layers physically adapt in synchrony to support occupant needs and sustainability goals more holistically. Conversely, we argue that this emerging paradigm also provides an ideal case for transferring HRI knowledge to unconventional robotic morphologies, including the interpretation of the robot as multiple architectural layers or even as a building. However, this research agenda remains challenged by the temporal, spatial, and social complexity of architectural HRI, and by fragmented knowledge across HCI, environmental psychology, cognitive science, and architecture. We therefore call for interdisciplinary research that unifies the why, what, and how of robotic actuation in architectural forms.
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