arXiv:2603.03701cs.ROcs.AI2026-03中稿 · ICRA

让快递员与机器人协作,同时优化城市配送和环境监测。

UrbanHuRo: A Two-Layer Human-Robot Collaboration Framework for the Joint Optimization of Heterogeneous Urban Services

  • 分层设计:用分布式算法高效派单,用强化学习规划传感路线。
  • 实测提升感知覆盖29.7%,骑手收入增39.2%,超时订单减少。
  • 适合研究智能城市协同服务或人机协作的开发者与学者。

在智慧城市建设中,提升城市服务效率与居民生活质量是核心目标。然而,现有研究多孤立优化单一服务,忽视异构服务间的相互作用对整体效率的提升潜力。例如,快递员可沿配送路径采集交通与空气质量数据,而传感机器人可在高峰时段协助即时配送,从而同时增强感知覆盖与配送效率。但不同服务的联合优化面临目标冲突与动态环境下的实时协调难题。本文提出UrbanHuRo,一种面向异构城市服务联合优化的两层人-机协作框架,以众包配送与城市感知为例进行验证。该框架包含两项关键技术:(i) 基于分布式MapReduce的K-子模最大化模块,实现高效订单调度;(ii) 深度子模奖励强化学习算法,用于传感路径规划。在真实外卖平台数据集上的实验表明,UrbanHuRo在多数场景下平均提升感知覆盖29.7%、骑手收入39.2%,并显著降低超时订单数量。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In the vision of smart cities, technologies are being developed to enhance the efficiency of urban services and improve residents' quality of life. However, most existing research focuses on optimizing individual services in isolation, without adequately considering reciprocal interactions among heterogeneous urban services that could yield higher efficiency and improved resource utilization. For example, human couriers could collect traffic and air quality data along their delivery routes, while sensing robots could assist with on-demand delivery during peak hours, enhancing both sensing coverage and delivery efficiency. However, the joint optimization of different urban services is challenging due to potentially conflicting objectives and the need for real-time coordination in dynamic environments. In this paper, we propose UrbanHuRo, a two-layer human-robot collaboration framework for joint optimization of heterogeneous urban services, demonstrated through crowdsourced delivery and urban sensing. UrbanHuRo includes two key designs: (i) a scalable distributed MapReduce-based K-submodular maximization module for efficient order dispatch, and (ii) a deep submodular reward reinforcement learning algorithm for sensing route planning. Experimental evaluations on real-world datasets from a food delivery platform demonstrate that UrbanHuRo improves sensing coverage by 29.7% and courier income by 39.2% on average in most settings, while also significantly reducing the number of overdue orders.

人机协作城市感知智能调度强化学习

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