arXiv:2603.03749cs.CV2026-03

用隐式神经表示实现全片扫描图像的连续病变分割,突破传统分块方法局限。

WSI-INR: Implicit Neural Representations for Lesion Segmentation in Whole-Slide Images

  • 将全片图像建模为连续隐式函数,直接映射坐标到组织语义特征
  • 在不同分辨率下保持鲁棒分割性能,4倍降采样时Dice提升26.11%
  • 适用于复杂异质性病变分析,适合病理图像深度学习研究者

全片扫描图像(WSI)是计算病理学的基础,准确的病变分割对临床决策至关重要。现有方法将WSI分割为离散块,破坏空间连续性,将多分辨率视图视为独立样本,导致分割碎片化且对分辨率变化敏感。为此,我们提出基于隐式神经表示(INR)的WIS-INR框架,将整个滑片建模为连续隐式函数,直接从空间坐标映射到组织语义特征,输出分割结果并保留全局空间信息。WIS-INR引入多分辨率哈希网格编码,将不同分辨率视为同一连续组织的不同采样密度,实现跨分辨率的一致特征表示。通过联合训练共享的INR解码器,模型可捕捉跨病例的通用先验。实验表明,WIS-INR在多种分辨率下均保持稳定分割性能;在基线/4分辨率下,其优化方案使Dice分数提升26.11%,而U-Net和TransUNet分别下降54.28%和36.18%。该工作首次将INR成功应用于高度异质性病理病变的分割,为病理分析提供了新视角。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Whole-slide images (WSIs) are fundamental for computational pathology, where accurate lesion segmentation is critical for clinical decision making. Existing methods partition WSIs into discrete patches, disrupting spatial continuity and treating multi-resolution views as independent samples, which leads to spatially fragmented segmentation and reduced robustness to resolution variations. To address the issues, we propose WSI-INR, a novel patch-free framework based on Implicit Neural Representations (INRs). WSI-INR models the WSI as a continuous implicit function mapping spatial coordinates directly to tissue semantics features, outputting segmentation results while preserving intrinsic spatial information across the entire slide. In the WSI-INR, we incorporate multi-resolution hash grid encoding to regard different resolution levels as varying sampling densities of the same continuous tissue, achieving a consistent feature representation across resolutions. In addition, by jointly training a shared INR decoder, WSI-INR can capture general priors across different cases. Experimental results showed that WSI-INR maintains robust segmentation performance across resolutions; at Base/4, our resolution-specific optimization improves Dice score by +26.11%, while U-Net and TransUNet decrease by 54.28% and 36.18%, respectively. Crucially, this work enables INRs to segment highly heterogeneous pathological lesions beyond structurally consistent anatomical tissues, offering a fresh perspective for pathological analysis.

病理图像隐式表示病变分割多分辨率

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