用随机微分方程实现连续模态逻辑推理,让神经网络按逻辑规则生成结果。
Continuous Modal Logical Neural Networks: Modal Reasoning via Stochastic Accessibility
- 用神经随机微分方程构建模态算子,实现可微分的逻辑组合。
- 在多机器人幻觉检测、洛伦兹吸引子恢复等任务中达成逻辑一致性。
- 适合需要逻辑约束的智能系统设计,如安全控制与可信推理。
我们提出流逻辑(Fluid Logic),将模态逻辑推理从离散的克里普克结构推广到连续流形,通过神经随机微分方程(Neural SDEs)实现。每类模态算子由专用神经SDE支撑,嵌套公式以可微图结构组合。关键实例为逻辑感知神经网络(LINNs):类似于物理信息神经网络(PINNs),LINNs将模态逻辑公式如(□有界)和(◇访问脑叶)直接嵌入训练损失,引导神经网络输出符合指定逻辑性质的解,无需已知控制方程。所提框架——连续模态逻辑神经网络(CMLNNs)具有以下特性:(i) 随机扩散防止量词坍缩(□与◇可区分),优于确定性常微分方程;(ii) 模态算子为熵风险度量,在基于风险的语义下成立,并具显式蒙特卡洛集中保证;(iii) SDE诱导的可达性与经典模态公理结构对应;(iv) 通过动态参数化可达性,内存复杂度从世界数的二次方降至线性。三个案例研究证明:流逻辑与LINNs可在不同领域引导神经网络产生一致解,包括认知/信念逻辑(多机器人幻觉检测)、时序逻辑(仅凭逻辑约束恢复洛伦兹吸引子几何)、道义逻辑(从逻辑规范学习安全围限动力学)。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose Fluid Logic, a paradigm in which modal logical reasoning, temporal, epistemic, doxastic, deontic, is lifted from discrete Kripke structures to continuous manifolds via Neural Stochastic Differential Equations (Neural SDEs). Each type of modal operator is backed by a dedicated Neural SDE, and nested formulas compose these SDEs in a single differentiable graph. A key instantiation is Logic-Informed Neural Networks (LINNs): analogous to Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), LINNs embed modal logical formulas such as ($\Box$ bounded) and ($\Diamond$ visits\_lobe) directly into the training loss, guiding neural networks to produce solutions that are structurally consistent with prescribed logical properties, without requiring knowledge of the governing equations. The resulting framework, Continuous Modal Logical Neural Networks (CMLNNs), yields several key properties: (i) stochastic diffusion prevents quantifier collapse ($\Box$ and $\Diamond$ differ), unlike deterministic ODEs; (ii) modal operators are entropic risk measures, sound with respect to risk-based semantics with explicit Monte Carlo concentration guarantees; (iii)SDE-induced accessibility provides structural correspondence with classical modal axioms; (iv) parameterizing accessibility through dynamics reduces memory from quadratic in world count to linear in parameters. Three case studies demonstrate that Fluid Logic and LINNs can guide neural networks to produce consistent solutions across diverse domains: epistemic/doxastic logic (multi-robot hallucination detection), temporal logic (recovering the Lorenz attractor geometry from logical constraints alone), and deontic logic (learning safe confinement dynamics from a logical specification).
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