分析200万条视频,发现抖音达人普遍不合规披露推广链接
Turning Trust to Transactions: Tracking Affiliate Marketing and FTC Compliance in YouTube's Influencer Economy
- 构建工具链,结合网络测量与NLP技术追踪视频推广行为
- 超90%视频未达标披露,10年数据中仅少数创作者合规
- 平台标准化披露功能显著提升合规率,适合监管者参考
YouTube已发展为创作者通过联盟营销变现的重要平台,引发透明度与伦理问题,尤其当创作者未披露关联关系时。尽管美国联邦贸易委员会(FTC)已发布指南,但违规行为与消费者损害仍普遍存在,问题规模尚不明确。本文结合近期网页测量与自然语言处理技术,开发分析工具,对近54万名创作者的200万条10年视频数据进行研究,评估联盟营销普及率及合规情况。结果表明,推广链接广泛存在,但披露合规率极低,多数视频未能满足FTC标准。进一步分析显示,平台通过提供标准化披露功能显著提升了合规水平。研究建议监管机构、联盟合作伙伴与平台协同合作,以增强影响力经济中的透明度、问责制与信任。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
YouTube has evolved into a powerful platform where creators monetize their influence through affiliate marketing, raising concerns about transparency and ethics, especially when creators fail to disclose their affiliate relationships. Although regulatory agencies like the US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) have issued guidelines to address these issues, non-compliance and consumer harm persist, and the extent of these problems remains unclear. In this paper, we introduce tools, developed with insights from recent advances in Web measurement and NLP research, to examine the state of the affiliate marketing ecosystem on YouTube. We apply these tools to a 10-year dataset of 2 million videos from nearly 540,000 creators, analyzing the prevalence of affiliate marketing on YouTube and the rates of non-compliant behavior. Our findings reveal that affiliate links are widespread, yet disclosure compliance remains low, with most videos failing to meet FTC standards. Furthermore, we analyze the effects of different stakeholders in improving disclosure behavior. Our study suggests that the platform is highly associated with improved compliance through standardized disclosure features. We recommend that regulators and affiliate partners collaborate with platforms to enhance transparency, accountability, and trust in the influencer economy.
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