arXiv:2603.04549cs.AIcs.CL2026-03被引 14

给大模型代理的长期记忆设智能筛选规则,避免存垃圾信息

Adaptive Memory Admission Control for LLM Agents

  • 将记忆保留决策拆解为5个可解释因素,结合规则与小模型评估
  • 在LoCoMo基准上F1达0.583,延迟降低31%优于现有方法
  • 适合需要可靠记忆管理的长对话、多轮交互类大模型应用

基于大模型的智能体越来越依赖长期记忆支持多轮推理与交互,但现有系统对保留什么信息缺乏有效控制。实践中,智能体要么积累大量包含幻觉或过时信息的对话内容,要么依赖成本高、难审计的全由大模型驱动的记忆策略。为此,本文提出自适应记忆准入控制(A-MAC),将记忆准入视为结构化决策问题。A-MAC将记忆价值分解为五个互补且可解释的因子:未来效用、事实置信度、语义新颖性、时间新近性及内容类型先验。通过轻量级规则特征提取结合单次大模型辅助效用评估,并通过交叉验证优化学习领域自适应的准入策略。该设计实现了透明高效的长期记忆控制。在LoCoMo基准上的实验表明,A-MAC在精度-召回权衡上表现更优,F1提升至0.583,同时延迟降低31%。消融实验表明内容类型先验是影响可靠记忆准入最关键的因子。研究证明,显式且可解释的准入控制是构建可扩展、可靠的大型模型智能体记忆系统的关键设计原则。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

LLM-based agents increasingly rely on long-term memory to support multi-session reasoning and interaction, yet current systems provide little control over what information is retained. In practice, agents either accumulate large volumes of conversational content, including hallucinated or obsolete facts, or depend on opaque, fully LLM-driven memory policies that are costly and difficult to audit. As a result, memory admission remains a poorly specified and weakly controlled component in agent architectures. To address this gap, we propose Adaptive Memory Admission Control (A-MAC), a framework that treats memory admission as a structured decision problem. A-MAC decomposes memory value into five complementary and interpretable factors: future utility, factual confidence, semantic novelty, temporal recency, and content type prior. The framework combines lightweight rule-based feature extraction with a single LLM-assisted utility assessment, and learns domain-adaptive admission policies through cross-validated optimization. This design enables transparent and efficient control over long-term memory. Experiments on the LoCoMo benchmark show that A-MAC achieves a superior precision-recall tradeoff, improving F1 to 0.583 while reducing latency by 31% compared to state-of-the-art LLM-native memory systems. Ablation results identify content type prior as the most influential factor for reliable memory admission. These findings demonstrate that explicit and interpretable admission control is a critical design principle for scalable and reliable memory in LLM-based agents.

大模型代理记忆管理决策框架

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