将安全函数转化为可动态调整的安全区域,实现机器人在未知环境中的持续安全路径追踪。
Control Barrier Corridors: From Safety Functions to Safe Sets
- 把控制屏障函数转换为局部安全目标区,统一了两种安全机制
- 当控制收敛速率匹配屏障衰减速率时,可实现局部安全扩展
- 适合需要持续安全性的自主探索类机器人系统
安全自主是机器人在非结构化复杂环境中安全运行的关键前提。控制屏障函数和安全运动走廊是两种广泛应用但技术上不同的安全方法,分别基于功能与几何。前者用于限制控制输入的安全衰减速率,后者通过几何构造定义系统状态周围的局部安全区,用于运动优化与参考调节器设计。本文提出控制屏障走廊的新概念,将控制屏障函数转化为反馈控制系统中参考目标选择的局部安全目标区域。通过全驱动系统、运动学单轮车及线性输出调节系统的实例表明,在控制收敛速率与屏障衰减速率匹配的前提下,凸屏障函数下的个体状态安全性可沿控制屏障走廊局部扩展,揭示了安全与响应速度间的权衡。该安全控制屏障走廊支持在系统运动过程中连续变化的屏障走廊下,安全可达的持续目标选择,已在自主探索未知环境中的可验证安全持久路径跟随中得到验证。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Safe autonomy is a critical requirement and a key enabler for robots to operate safely in unstructured complex environments. Control barrier functions and safe motion corridors are two widely used but technically distinct safety methods, functional and geometric, respectively, for safe motion planning and control. Control barrier functions are applied to the safety filtering of control inputs to limit the decay rate of system safety, whereas safe motion corridors are geometrically constructed to define a local safe zone around the system state for use in motion optimization and reference-governor design. This paper introduces a new notion of control barrier corridors, which unifies these two approaches by converting control barrier functions into local safe goal regions for reference goal selection in feedback control systems. We show, with examples on fully actuated systems, kinematic unicycles, and linear output regulation systems, that individual state safety can be extended locally over control barrier corridors for convex barrier functions, provided the control convergence rate matches the barrier decay rate, highlighting a trade-off between safety and reactiveness. Such safe control barrier corridors enable safely reachable persistent goal selection over continuously changing barrier corridors during system motion, which we demonstrate for verifiably safe and persistent path following in autonomous exploration of unknown environments.
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