arXiv:2603.06724cs.LGcs.AI2026-03

通过双向反馈融合,精准预测室内二氧化碳与颗粒物浓度变化。

Bi Directional Feedback Fusion for Activity Aware Forecasting of Indoor CO2 and PM2.5

  • 双流架构分别建模环境演化与行为特征,动态融合两者信息。
  • 在真实数据集上显著优于现有模型,尤其擅长捕捉突发污染峰值。
  • 适合智能建筑与健康监测系统,提供可解释的不确定性估计。

室内空气质量(IAQ)预报对保障人员健康、维持热舒适性及支持智能建筑控制至关重要。然而,由于环境因素与动态人员行为之间的复杂交互,预测二氧化碳(CO2)和细颗粒物(PM2.5)未来浓度仍具挑战。传统数据驱动模型依赖历史传感器轨迹,难以预见行为引发的排放突增或浓度快速变化。为此,我们提出一种双流双向反馈融合框架,联合建模室内环境演变与由行为驱动的嵌入表示。该架构引入上下文感知调制机制,根据共享的动态融合状态自适应调节各流的权重与偏移,实现对行为线索或长期环境趋势的灵活强调。此外,设计双时间尺度时序模块,分别捕捉缓慢的CO2累积模式与短期的PM2.5波动。复合损失函数结合加权均方误差、尖峰感知惩罚与不确定性正则化,提升在波动环境下的鲁棒性。在真实世界IAQ数据集上的广泛验证表明,本方法显著优于现有最优基线,并提供可用于智能建筑与健康感知监控系统部署的可解释不确定性估计。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Indoor air quality (IAQ) forecasting plays a critical role in safeguarding occupant health, ensuring thermal comfort, and supporting intelligent building control. However, predicting future concentrations of key pollutants such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) remains challenging due to the complex interplay between environmental factors and highly dynamic occupant behaviours. Traditional data driven models primarily rely on historical sensor trajectories and often fail to anticipate behaviour induced emission spikes or rapid concentration shifts. To address these limitations, we present a dual stream bi directional feedback fusion framework that jointly models indoor environmental evolution and action derived embeddings representing human activities. The proposed architecture integrates a context aware modulation mechanism that adaptively scales and shifts each stream based on a shared, evolving fusion state, enabling the model to selectively emphasise behavioural cues or long term environmental trends. Furthermore, we introduce dual timescale temporal modules that independently capture gradual CO2 accumulation patterns and short term PM2.5 fluctuations. A composite loss function combining weighted mean squared error, spike aware penalties, and uncertainty regularisation facilitates robust learning under volatile indoor conditions. Extensive validation on real-world IAQ datasets demonstrates that our approach significantly outperforms state of the art forecasting baselines while providing interpretable uncertainty estimates essential for practical deployment in smart buildings and health-aware monitoring systems.

室内空气行为建模多模态融合预测

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。