arXiv:2603.06741cs.LGcs.AI2026-03中稿 · CVPR被引 1

让不同目标的扩散模型在分散环境下高效训练,降低资源门槛。

Heterogeneous Decentralized Diffusion Models

  • 支持不同训练目标的专家并行训练,推理时统一无需重训。
  • 相比以往方法,计算量减少16倍,数据需求降低14倍。
  • 单张显存24-48GB的GPU即可参与,适合资源有限的研究者。

训练前沿级扩散模型通常需要大量计算资源集中于紧密耦合的集群中,限制了只有资源充足的机构参与。尽管去中心化扩散模型(DDM)允许专家独立训练,但现有方法仍需1176 GPU天,且要求所有专家使用相同训练目标。本文提出一种高效框架,显著降低资源需求的同时支持异构训练目标。核心贡献包括:(1) 异构去中心化训练范式,允许专家采用不同目标(如DDPM与流匹配),推理时统一且无需重训;(2) 将ImageNet-DDPM预训练检查点转换为流匹配目标,加速收敛,避免特定目标预训练;(3) 采用PixArt-α的高效AdaLN-Single架构,减少参数量同时保持生成质量。在LAION-Aesthetics上的实验表明,相较之前DDM工作,本方法计算量减少16倍,数据量降低14倍。在对齐推理条件下,异构配置在FID和提示内多样性上均优于同质基线。通过消除同步要求并支持混合DDPM/FM目标,该框架使单张24–48GB显存的GPU也能参与去中心化生成模型训练。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Training frontier-scale diffusion models often requires substantial computational resources concentrated in tightly-coupled clusters, limiting participation to well-resourced institutions. While Decentralized Diffusion Models (DDM) enable training multiple experts in isolation, existing approaches require 1176 GPU-days and homogeneous training objectives across all experts. We present an efficient framework that dramatically reduces resource requirements while supporting heterogeneous training objectives. Our approach combines three key contributions: (1) a heterogeneous decentralized training paradigm that allows experts to use different objectives (DDPM and Flow Matching), unified at inference time without any retraining; (2) pretrained checkpoint conversion from ImageNet-DDPM to Flow Matching objectives, accelerating convergence and enabling initialization without objective-specific pretraining; and (3) PixArt-$α$'s efficient AdaLN-Single architecture, reducing parameters while maintaining quality. Experiments on LAION-Aesthetics show that, relative to the training scale reported for prior DDM work, our approach reduces the compute by 16$\times$ and data by 14$\times$. Under aligned inference settings, our heterogeneous configuration achieves better FID and higher intra-prompt diversity than the homogeneous baseline. By eliminating synchronization requirements and enabling mixed DDPM/FM objectives, our framework makes decentralized generative model training accessible to contributors with single GPUs requiring only 24--48GB VRAM.

扩散模型去中心化异构训练轻量化

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