用设计流程生成更多复杂有机形状的CAD代码,提升工业级设计数据质量。
Learning From Design Procedure To Generate CAD Programs for Data Augmentation
- 基于参考曲面和建模流程,让大模型生成多样化CAD程序
- 生成的模型有机形状比例更高,边缘与曲面更接近真实工业设计
- 适合训练生成复杂机械/产品设计的AI模型
大型语言模型在多种代码生成任务中表现优异,但在特定领域仍面临挑战。以计算机辅助设计(CAD)程序生成为例,目标是创建用于精确设计与制造的参数化模型。当前基于LLM的CAD生成面临生成形状几何复杂度不足的问题,主要源于训练数据多样性有限。为此,我们提出一种新型数据增强范式:引导大模型根据参考曲面程序与建模流程生成CAD程序,该思路源自工业设计实践。通过使用一系列有机形状作为参考曲面,方法显著丰富了生成模型的几何分布,引入了基于样条曲线的曲面边与面,这些在现有开源数据集中通常缺失或代表性不足。实验表明,该方法生成的样本具有更高的几何多样性,并在有机形状基元占比上更接近工业级设计标准。这一增强使本方法成为训练大模型及其他深度学习模型在CAD生成任务中的有效工具。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in a wide range of code generation tasks. However, generating code for certain domains remains challenging. One such domain is Computer-Aided Design (CAD) program, where the goal is to produce scripted parametric models that define object geometry for precise design and manufacturing applications. A key challenge in LLM-based CAD program generation is the limited geometric complexity of generated shapes compared to those found in real-world industrial designs. This shortfall is in part due to the lack of diversity in the available CAD program training data. To address this, we propose a novel data augmentation paradigm that prompts an LLM to generate CAD programs conditioned on a reference surface program and a modeling procedure - an idea inspired by practices in industrial design. By varying the reference surface using a collection of organic shapes, our method enriches the geometric distribution of generated CAD models. In particular, it introduces edges and faces defined by spline-based curvature, which are typically missing or underrepresented in existing open-source CAD program datasets. Experiments show that our method produces CAD samples with significantly greater geometric diversity and a higher resemblance to industry-grade CAD designs in terms of the proportion of organic shape primitives. This enhancement makes our CAD data augmentation approach a useful tool for training LLMs and other deep learning models in CAD generation.
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