通过旋转平衡降低无人机吊挂运输能耗,最高省电20%。
Energy-Efficient Collaborative Transport of Tether-Suspended Payloads via Rotating Equilibrium
- 让无人机做圆周运动,利用离心力提供水平拉力
- 使每架无人机只需垂直出力,总能耗最多下降20%
- 适合需要高效协同运输的场景,如救灾、物流
多架无人机协同吊挂运输受空间、功率和重量限制。传统方法依赖静态平衡,每架无人机倾斜以维持构型,避免气动干扰与碰撞,但产生水平推力导致显著能量损耗。在更紧的缆绳配置下虽可缓解此问题,却需更近距离飞行(易碰撞)或更长缆绳(增加复杂性)。本文提出在旋转平衡状态下运行系统:通过稳定圆周运动,利用离心力提供水平缆绳张力,使每架四旋翼机仅需产生垂直推力,从而降低总力与功耗。该方法允许使用更广泛的缆绳配置而不牺牲效率。实验表明,相比静态提升,旋转平衡可将能耗减少高达20%,显著提升协同空中运输的实用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Collaborative aerial transportation of tethered payloads is fundamentally limited by space, power, and weight constraints. Conventional approaches rely on static equilibrium conditions, where each vehicle tilts to generate the forces that ensure they maintain a formation geometry that avoids aerodynamic interactions and collision. This horizontal thrust component represents a significant energy penalty compared to the ideal case in which each vehicle produces purely vertical thrust to lift the payload. Operating in tighter tether configurations can minimize this effect, but at the cost of either having to fly the vehicles in closer proximity, which risks collision, or significantly increasing the length of the tether, which increases complexity and reduces potential use-cases. We propose operating the tether-suspended flying system at a rotating equilibrium. By maintaining steady circular motion, centrifugal forces provide the necessary horizontal tether tension, allowing each quadrotor to generate purely vertical thrust and thus reducing the total force (and power) required compared to an equilibrium where the thrusts are not vertical. It also allows for a wider range of tether configurations to be used without sacrificing efficiency. Results demonstrate that rotating equilibria can reduce power consumption relative to static lifting by up to 20%, making collaborative aerial solutions more practically relevant.
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