arXiv:2603.07095cs.ROcs.SY2026-03被引 2

用ADMM方法让多足机器人协同搬运重物,又快又稳。

ACLM: ADMM-Based Distributed Model Predictive Control for Collaborative Loco-Manipulation

  • 将全局控制问题分解为各机器人的并行子问题,通过共识约束协同
  • 每轮规划仅需几次ADMM迭代即可收敛,满足实时需求
  • 适合多机器人协作搬运场景,对模型误差有较强鲁棒性

通过带有机械臂的四足机器人团队协同搬运重型负载,是复杂非结构化环境中腿式机器人的重要能力。集中式规划方法虽能捕捉机器人与负载间的动态耦合,但随系统规模增长而难以扩展,限制了实时应用;而分层或完全去中心化方法常忽略力和动力学交互,导致行为保守。本文提出一种基于交替方向乘子法(ADMM)的分布式模型预测控制框架,用于多机器人协同运动-操作。利用负载引起的耦合结构,将全局最优控制问题分解为带一致性约束的并行个体机器人子问题。分布式规划采用滚动时域方式,收敛速度快,每轮规划仅需少数几次ADMM迭代。一个力感知的全身控制器执行规划轨迹,同时跟踪运动与交互力矩。在最多四台机器人上的大量仿真验证了该方法的可扩展性、实时性能及对模型不确定性的鲁棒性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Collaborative transportation of heavy payloads via loco-manipulation is a challenging yet essential capability for legged robots operating in complex, unstructured environments. Centralized planning methods, e.g., holistic trajectory optimization, capture dynamic coupling among robots and payloads but scale poorly with system size, limiting real-time applicability. In contrast, hierarchical and fully decentralized approaches often neglect force and dynamic interactions, leading to conservative behavior. This study proposes an Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM)-based distributed model predictive control framework for collaborative loco-manipulation with a team of quadruped robots with manipulators. By exploiting the payload-induced coupling structure, the global optimal control problem is decomposed into parallel individual-robot-level subproblems with consensus constraints. The distributed planner operates in a receding-horizon fashion and achieves fast convergence, requiring only a few ADMM iterations per planning cycle. A wrench-aware whole-body controller executes the planned trajectories, tracking both motion and interaction wrenches. Extensive simulations with up to four robots demonstrate scalability, real-time performance, and robustness to model uncertainty.

机器人协同模型预测控制ADMM

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