自由职业者用AI却常不主动说明，导致客户信任危机
"Better Ask for Forgiveness than Permission": Practices and Policies of AI Disclosure in Freelance Work
- 工人被动披露AI使用，认为客户能察觉；客户却难识别，偏好主动告知
- 近半数工人误判客户对AI使用的期待，因缺乏明确政策指引
- 研究揭示透明度缺口，为远程工作中的AI伦理提供实践参考
自由职业者日益使用AI工具，正重塑与客户的信任关系。本文通过三阶段研究——访谈自由职业者及两次针对工人和客户的调查——发现关键的期望差距：工人普遍采取被动披露策略，仅在被询问时才透露使用AI，因为他们假设客户能自行识别；但客户对此信心不足，更倾向于主动获知。其次，客户未制定或未明确AI使用政策，导致工人持续误解其期望。这些发现表明，亟需建立清晰的披露规范。研究结论不仅适用于自由职业领域，也对其他由AI中介的工作场景中信任构建与责任分配具有启示意义。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The growing use of AI applications among freelance workers is reshaping trust and relationships with clients. This paper investigates how both workers and clients perceive AI use and disclosure in the freelance economy through a three-stage study: interviews with workers and two survey studies with workers and clients. Findings first reveal a key expectation gap around disclosure: Workers often adopt passive disclosure practices, revealing AI use only when asked, as they assume clients can already detect it. Clients, however, are far less confident in recognizing AI-assisted work and prefer proactive disclosure. A second finding highlights the role of unclear or absent client AI policies, which leave workers consistently misinterpreting clients' expectations for AI use and disclosure. Together, these gaps point to the need for clearer guidelines and practices for AI disclosure. Insights extend beyond freelancing, offering implications for trust, accountability, and policy design in other AI-mediated work domains.
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