无需标注数据,用统计变换提升语音伪造检测跨域泛化能力
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Audio Deepfake Detection with Modular Statistical Transformations
- 分模块设计:先用预训练语音嵌入,再通过统计变换优化特征
- 跨域检测准确率62.7%~63.6%,比基线提升10.7个百分点
- 流程透明可解释,适合对决策可解释性要求高的实际部署
基于一个数据集训练的语音伪造检测系统在不同来源数据上常因录音条件、合成方法和声学环境差异而失效。本文提出一种无监督域适应模块化流程,结合预训练Wav2Vec 2.0嵌入与统计变换,在无需目标域标签的情况下提升跨域泛化能力。方法包括:功率变换实现特征归一化,ANOVA特征选择,联合主成分分析(PCA)进行域无关降维,以及CORAL对齐源与目标域协方差结构,最后通过逻辑回归分类。在两个跨域迁移场景中测试:ASVspoof 2019 LA到Fake-or-Real(FoR),及FoR到ASVspoof,准确率达62.7%~63.6%,真实与伪造类表现均衡。系统性消融实验显示,特征选择(+3.5%)与CORAL对齐(+3.2%)贡献最大,完整流程相较基线提升10.7%。尽管性能仍低于域内检测(94%-96%),但该流程具备透明性与模块化优势,适用于需可解释决策的部署场景。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Audio deepfake detection systems trained on one dataset often fail when deployed on data from different sources due to distributional shifts in recording conditions, synthesis methods, and acoustic environments. We present a modular pipeline for unsupervised domain adaptation that combines pre-trained Wav2Vec 2.0 embeddings with statistical transformations to improve cross-domain generalization without requiring labeled target data. Our approach applies power transformation for feature normalization, ANOVA-based feature selection, joint PCA for domain-agnostic dimensionality reduction, and CORAL alignment to match source and target covariance structures before classification via logistic regression. We evaluate on two cross-domain transfer scenarios: ASVspoof 2019 LA to Fake-or-Real (FoR) and FoR to ASVspoof, achieving 62.7--63.6\% accuracy with balanced performance across real and fake classes. Systematic ablation experiments reveal that feature selection (+3.5%) and CORAL alignment (+3.2%) provide the largest individual contributions, with the complete pipeline improving accuracy by 10.7% over baseline. While performance is modest compared to within-domain detection (94-96%), our pipeline offers transparency and modularity, making it suitable for deployment scenarios requiring interpretable decisions.
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